62 J. Cockburn— 0^2 the recent existence o/" Rhinoceros ihdicus. [No. 1, 



On the contrary almost every cave contains well defined drawings of 

 iron implements which form one of the best proofs I have that the other 

 implements so closely resembling those of modern savages were made of 

 stone and wood. 



For example, in a painting in a cave at Lohri I found what is an 

 iron-headed spear [PI. VIII B] But in this very shelter occurs also a 

 drawing of a man spearing a stag sambar with a weapon, which is similar 

 to one represented in the Likunia rock-shelter, and which I am convinced 

 every anthropologist will be prepared to accept as a non-mefcal weapon. 

 [PI. YIII, E] Another form of iron spear head, not uncommonly found 

 in the hands of horsemen, is a typical form not unlike a lozenge-shaped 

 form of head yet used among ourselves. [PI. VIII, A.] 



The metal arrow-heads here and there observed [PL VIII, C] are as 

 obviously of metal* as the pike staves of the spears are of wood. 



Lastly, I may mention that the foreigners usually represented in these 

 drawings are often armed with round shields and curved sabres which 

 apparently differ in no wise from the modern tulwar. I have also to state 

 that I have actually found a portion of an iron arrow-head in a cave. 



The best evidence we can have in support of the idea that the drawings 

 above alluded to represent stone weapons is the fact that stone implements 

 occur in abundance in the soil of the caves mingled with the identical 

 material with which the drawings were executed. 



The spear head D [PI. VIII.] is I believe intended to represent a 

 wooden spear as it is yet a favourite pattern with savages. A painting in 

 the Lickunia rock shelter near Shahgunge represents a man about to spear 

 a hind. The weapon in his hand referred to above is a spear with a broadly 

 angular head followed by nine barbs. [PI. VIII, E] The aboriginal Austra- 

 lians in smoked bark-drawings, and doubtless in caves, represent their stone 

 spears in a manner so very similar to this drawing [See PI. VIII, G] 

 that I have no hesitation in expressing my opinion, that the similar weapons 

 represented in the Mirzapore rock shelters were headed with stone, wood 

 and bone, convinced as I am that further researches will abundantly prove 

 the truth of this theory whatever the age of the drawings may be. 



No modern form of iron spear-head resembling E is known to me. 

 In a single instance I have observed, that the huge sword-shaped blade 

 of the Naga spear was followed by two supplementary barbs which were 

 of a piece with the blade. 



The Andamanese not uncommonly whip on two or three supplementary 

 iron or bone barbs to their pig arrows, but these latter are not usually 

 in pairs but alternate. 



* Specimens of this type made of iron are in the Indian Museum. 



