﻿124 
  ON 
  THE 
  VISCERAL 
  ANATOMY 
  

  

  diminishes 
  as 
  it 
  proceeds 
  upwards, 
  until 
  finally 
  it 
  is 
  completely 
  disposed 
  

   of, 
  and 
  terminates 
  as 
  it 
  reaches 
  the 
  top 
  of 
  the 
  liver. 
  The 
  structure 
  of 
  

   the 
  organ 
  in 
  this 
  instance 
  was 
  soft 
  and 
  rather 
  of 
  a 
  pulpy 
  consistence, 
  

   perhaps 
  the 
  result 
  of 
  incipient 
  putrefaction. 
  From 
  the 
  lower 
  end, 
  

   passes 
  off 
  the 
  hepatic 
  duct, 
  almost 
  as 
  large 
  as 
  a 
  crow's 
  quill, 
  but 
  be- 
  

   coming 
  smaller 
  as 
  it 
  descends 
  ; 
  this 
  diminution 
  is 
  owing 
  to 
  its 
  giving 
  

   off 
  many 
  smaller 
  branches 
  in 
  its 
  course, 
  which 
  leave 
  it 
  at 
  acute 
  angles, 
  

   and 
  then 
  run 
  for 
  some 
  distance 
  parallel 
  with 
  the 
  main 
  duct. 
  Some 
  of 
  

   them 
  seem 
  to 
  disappear 
  on 
  the 
  parietes 
  of 
  the 
  vena 
  cava; 
  but 
  from 
  

   their 
  minuteness, 
  although 
  a 
  quicksilver 
  injection 
  was 
  resorted 
  to, 
  their 
  

   termination 
  was 
  not 
  satisfactorily 
  made 
  out. 
  The 
  principal 
  duct 
  is 
  

   about 
  twelve 
  inches 
  in 
  length. 
  When 
  it 
  reaches 
  the 
  top 
  of 
  the 
  gall 
  

   bladder, 
  it 
  divides 
  into 
  several 
  branches, 
  which 
  are 
  spread 
  over 
  its 
  outer 
  

   surface 
  ; 
  some 
  of 
  them 
  open 
  into 
  the 
  cavity 
  of 
  the 
  gall 
  bladder 
  by 
  small 
  

   orifices, 
  scarcely 
  large 
  enough 
  to 
  receive 
  a 
  fine 
  bristle 
  : 
  four 
  only 
  of 
  

   these 
  openings 
  were 
  discovered, 
  but 
  probably 
  others 
  existed. 
  The 
  

   remaining 
  branches, 
  without 
  communicating 
  with 
  the 
  great 
  receptacle 
  

   of 
  the 
  bile, 
  are 
  collected 
  into 
  a 
  fasciculus, 
  and 
  seem 
  to 
  terminate 
  in 
  a 
  

   small 
  depression 
  or 
  pit, 
  found 
  at 
  the 
  top 
  of 
  the 
  intestine. 
  The 
  gall 
  

   bladder 
  is 
  rather 
  more 
  than 
  two 
  inches 
  long, 
  and 
  an 
  inch 
  and 
  a 
  half 
  

   broad 
  ; 
  it 
  is 
  of 
  an 
  egg-like 
  form, 
  having 
  the 
  larger 
  end 
  above, 
  and 
  a 
  

   small, 
  somewhat 
  conical 
  extremity 
  directed 
  towards 
  the 
  intestine, 
  — 
  it 
  

   might 
  contain 
  about 
  two 
  ounces. 
  The 
  quantity 
  of 
  bile 
  found 
  did 
  not 
  

   exceed 
  six 
  drachms 
  ; 
  it 
  was 
  of 
  a 
  dark 
  colour, 
  becoming 
  orange 
  when 
  

   diluted, 
  and 
  slightly 
  bitter 
  to 
  the 
  taste. 
  The 
  apex 
  of 
  the 
  gall 
  bladder 
  

   was 
  connected 
  to 
  the 
  top 
  of 
  the 
  intestine 
  by 
  a 
  ligamentous 
  chord 
  ; 
  but 
  

   no 
  communication 
  was 
  found 
  to 
  exist 
  between 
  them, 
  and 
  consequently 
  

   no 
  direct 
  means 
  ascertained 
  by 
  which 
  the 
  bile 
  could 
  escape 
  from 
  the 
  

   gall 
  bladder 
  when 
  once 
  deposited 
  there 
  — 
  in 
  other 
  words, 
  for 
  the 
  cystic 
  

   bile 
  to 
  get 
  into 
  the 
  intestinal 
  canal. 
  This 
  was 
  ascertained 
  by 
  allowing 
  

   the 
  quicksilver 
  to 
  flow 
  from 
  the 
  biliary 
  tubes 
  into 
  the 
  gall 
  bladder, 
  

   where 
  it 
  accumulated 
  to 
  distention, 
  but 
  found 
  no 
  exit. 
  

  

  PANCREAS. 
  

  

  This 
  gland 
  is 
  small, 
  and 
  is 
  attached 
  to 
  the 
  pyloric 
  portion 
  near 
  

   its 
  termination, 
  and 
  to 
  the 
  upper 
  end 
  of 
  the 
  intestine 
  at 
  the 
  cul 
  de 
  

  

  