﻿FOR 
  PRODUCING 
  ELECTRICITY. 
  219 
  

  

  into 
  a 
  mortice 
  or 
  narrow 
  groove 
  in 
  the 
  cross 
  pieces, 
  and 
  are 
  secured 
  by 
  

   a 
  pin 
  of 
  copper 
  wire. 
  When 
  the 
  pins 
  are 
  withdrawn, 
  a 
  single 
  element 
  

   may 
  be 
  removed 
  from 
  any 
  part 
  of 
  the 
  series, 
  without 
  disturbing 
  the 
  

   remainder. 
  

  

  The 
  zinc 
  plate 
  is 
  fastened 
  into 
  its 
  copper 
  case, 
  without 
  touching, 
  by 
  

   a 
  piece 
  of 
  wood 
  at 
  each 
  corner, 
  with 
  a 
  groove 
  in 
  it 
  to 
  receive 
  the 
  edge 
  

   of 
  the 
  plate. 
  The 
  grooves 
  in 
  the 
  two 
  lower 
  pieces 
  of 
  wood 
  terminate 
  

   at 
  about 
  a 
  quarter 
  of 
  an 
  inch 
  from 
  the 
  lower 
  end, 
  and 
  thus 
  form 
  shoul- 
  

   ders, 
  which 
  prevent 
  the 
  plate 
  from 
  slipping 
  down 
  ; 
  while 
  the 
  wood 
  

   itself 
  is 
  supported 
  by 
  a 
  flange, 
  formed 
  by 
  bending 
  in 
  the 
  lower 
  edges 
  of 
  

   the 
  corner 
  of 
  the 
  copper 
  case. 
  

  

  There 
  are 
  two 
  principal 
  sets 
  of 
  connectors 
  ; 
  the 
  first 
  is 
  formed 
  of 
  

   bars 
  of 
  cast 
  copper 
  thirteen 
  inches 
  long, 
  an 
  inch 
  wide, 
  and 
  about 
  an 
  

   eighth 
  of 
  an 
  inch 
  thick. 
  On 
  the 
  lower 
  side 
  of 
  these 
  are 
  eleven 
  broad 
  

   projections, 
  which 
  fit 
  loosely 
  into 
  a 
  row 
  of 
  cups 
  on 
  the 
  plates 
  of 
  zinc 
  

   or 
  copper. 
  Fig. 
  4 
  represents 
  one 
  of 
  these 
  connectors 
  with 
  a 
  thimble 
  

   soldered 
  on 
  the 
  upper 
  side 
  for 
  the 
  purpose 
  of 
  attaching 
  a 
  conductor, 
  

   which 
  may 
  serve 
  as 
  a 
  pole. 
  

  

  There 
  are 
  two 
  of 
  these 
  for 
  each 
  of 
  the 
  eight 
  batteries, 
  and 
  when 
  in 
  

   their 
  places, 
  one 
  unites 
  all 
  the 
  zinc, 
  and 
  the 
  other 
  all 
  the 
  copper, 
  so 
  

   that 
  the 
  battery 
  becomes 
  a 
  calorimotor 
  of 
  a 
  single 
  element 
  or 
  pair. 
  

   If 
  with 
  this 
  arrangement 
  the 
  several 
  batteries 
  be 
  connected, 
  zinc 
  to 
  

   zinc 
  and 
  copper 
  to 
  copper, 
  by 
  conductors 
  reaching 
  from 
  one 
  to 
  the 
  

   other, 
  the 
  whole 
  apparatus 
  of 
  eighty-eight 
  elements 
  becomes 
  a 
  large 
  

   calorimotor 
  of 
  a 
  single 
  pair 
  ; 
  but 
  if 
  the 
  copper 
  of 
  the 
  first 
  be 
  united 
  to 
  

   the 
  zinc 
  of 
  the 
  second, 
  and 
  so 
  on, 
  it 
  then 
  forms 
  a 
  calorimotor 
  of 
  eight 
  

   elements, 
  and 
  by 
  a 
  simple 
  change 
  may 
  be 
  reduced 
  to 
  one 
  of 
  four, 
  or 
  of 
  

   two, 
  elements. 
  

  

  The 
  other 
  set 
  of 
  connectors 
  consists 
  of 
  short 
  pieces 
  of 
  thick 
  copper 
  

   plate, 
  the 
  ends 
  of 
  which 
  are 
  bent 
  down 
  at 
  right 
  angles, 
  so 
  as 
  to 
  dip 
  into 
  

   the 
  cups 
  of 
  mercury 
  : 
  they 
  connect 
  the 
  copper 
  of 
  one 
  element 
  with 
  the 
  

   zinc 
  of 
  the 
  next. 
  Ten 
  of 
  these, 
  intended 
  to 
  unite 
  the 
  elements 
  of 
  one 
  

   battery, 
  are 
  shown 
  in 
  fig. 
  5. 
  They 
  are 
  attached 
  crosswise 
  to 
  a 
  slip 
  of 
  

   harness 
  leather, 
  which, 
  by 
  its 
  pliability, 
  permits 
  them 
  to 
  fit 
  loosely 
  into 
  

   the 
  cups, 
  while 
  it 
  enables 
  the 
  whole 
  set 
  to 
  be 
  removed 
  as 
  one 
  piece. 
  

   When 
  these 
  connectors 
  are 
  in 
  their 
  places, 
  and 
  the 
  several 
  batteries 
  

  

  