﻿THE 
  TORNADO, 
  OR 
  WATER 
  SPOUT. 
  381 
  

  

  those 
  existing 
  within 
  the 
  lower 
  current. 
  But 
  in 
  such 
  cases 
  neither 
  

   stratum 
  would 
  be 
  sufficiently 
  insulated 
  and 
  restricted 
  in 
  its 
  extent 
  to 
  

   transmit 
  the 
  electricity 
  in 
  a 
  concentrated 
  form, 
  or 
  to 
  be 
  liable 
  to 
  the 
  

   intense 
  excitement 
  necessary 
  to 
  produce 
  a 
  tornado 
  or 
  lightning. 
  

  

  PACTS 
  AND 
  OBSERVATIONS 
  RESPECTING 
  THE 
  TORNADO 
  WHICH 
  OC- 
  

   CURRED 
  AT 
  NEW 
  BRUNSWICK, 
  NEW 
  JERSEY, 
  IN 
  JUNE 
  LAST, 
  AB- 
  

   STRACTED 
  FROM 
  A 
  WRITTEN 
  STATEMENT 
  MADE 
  BY 
  JAMES 
  P. 
  ESPY, 
  

   M. 
  A. 
  P. 
  S. 
  

  

  By 
  the 
  Author 
  of 
  the 
  preceding 
  Article. 
  

  

  The 
  tornado 
  was 
  formed 
  about 
  seven 
  and 
  a 
  half 
  miles 
  west 
  of 
  New 
  

   Brunswick, 
  and, 
  moving 
  at 
  the 
  rate 
  of 
  about 
  twenty-five 
  or 
  thirty 
  miles 
  

   in 
  an 
  hour, 
  terminated 
  suddenly 
  at 
  Amboy, 
  about 
  seventeen 
  and 
  a 
  half 
  

   miles 
  from 
  the 
  place 
  of 
  its 
  commencement. 
  It 
  appeared 
  like 
  an 
  in- 
  

   verted 
  cone, 
  of 
  which 
  the 
  base 
  was 
  in 
  the 
  clouds, 
  and 
  the 
  vertex 
  upon 
  

   the 
  earth. 
  It 
  prostrated 
  or 
  carried 
  off 
  every 
  movable 
  body 
  within 
  its 
  

   path 
  ; 
  which 
  was 
  from 
  two 
  hundred 
  to 
  four 
  hundred 
  yards 
  wide. 
  Trees 
  

   which 
  were 
  embraced 
  successively 
  within 
  its 
  axis 
  were 
  thrown 
  down 
  

   in 
  a 
  direction 
  parallel 
  to 
  its 
  path 
  ; 
  those 
  on 
  either 
  side 
  always 
  point- 
  

   ing 
  towards 
  some 
  point 
  which 
  had 
  been 
  under 
  its 
  axis. 
  Houses 
  

   were 
  unroofed, 
  and, 
  in 
  some 
  instances, 
  unfloored 
  ; 
  in 
  others, 
  their 
  walls 
  

   were 
  thrown 
  down 
  outwards, 
  as 
  if 
  burst 
  by 
  an 
  explosion. 
  There 
  are 
  

   two 
  facts 
  stated 
  by 
  Mr 
  Espy, 
  and 
  confirmed 
  by 
  professor 
  Bache, 
  which 
  

   demonstrate 
  fully 
  the 
  existence 
  of 
  an 
  hiatus. 
  In 
  a 
  house 
  which 
  was 
  

   exposed 
  to 
  the 
  vertical 
  influence 
  of 
  the 
  tornado, 
  a 
  sheet 
  was 
  lifted 
  from 
  

   a 
  bed, 
  and 
  carried 
  into 
  a 
  fissure 
  made 
  in 
  the 
  southern 
  wall, 
  which 
  sub- 
  

   sequently 
  closed 
  and 
  retained 
  it. 
  The 
  same 
  result 
  was 
  observed 
  in 
  

   the 
  case 
  of 
  a 
  handkerchief, 
  similarly 
  fastened 
  into 
  a 
  fissure 
  in 
  the 
  nor- 
  

   thern 
  wall. 
  In 
  some 
  instances, 
  frame 
  buildings 
  were 
  lifted 
  entire 
  from 
  

   their 
  foundations. 
  Joists 
  and 
  rafters 
  were 
  torn 
  from 
  a 
  house 
  and 
  thrown 
  

   down 
  at 
  the 
  distance 
  from 
  it 
  of 
  about 
  four 
  hundred 
  yards, 
  and 
  in 
  a 
  

   direction 
  opposite 
  to 
  that 
  in 
  which 
  the 
  trees 
  not 
  lifted 
  from 
  the 
  earth's 
  

   surface 
  were 
  prostrated. 
  Of 
  course 
  lighter 
  bodies, 
  such 
  as 
  shingles, 
  

   hats, 
  books 
  and 
  papers, 
  and 
  branches 
  and 
  leaves 
  of 
  trees, 
  were 
  carried 
  

   vol. 
  v. 
  — 
  4 
  w 
  

  

  