no. 2073. HOLOTHURIANS FROM NORTHWEST PACIFIC— OHSHIMA. 251 



aging 1.2 mm., with 5 (3-10) holes. Very rarely in some individuals 

 there rises from the center a solid spire with a knoblike top. Among 

 these deposits are found small tablelike bodies, with a disk up to 

 0.2 mm. in diameter, perforated by 3 large holes. Spire is armed 

 at the apex with 6 hooks. In caudal appendage rods are smaller 

 and simpler, less than 0.8 mm. in length. Anal teeth measure only 

 0.4 mm. in length. 



Habitat—Nice (Risso, 1826); Naples (Grube, 1840; Ludwig, 1891); 

 Palermo (Grube, 1850); Marseille (Jourdan, 1883); coasts of Por- 

 tugal, Sahara, and Senegal (Perrier, 1902) ; Kerguelen Islands (Studer, 

 1876; Theel, 1886); New Zealand (Theel, 1886); off Chile (Theel, 

 1886; Clark, 1907); from the Gulf of Panama, Cocos and Galapagos, 

 to California (Ludwig, 1894; Clark, 1907, 1913); numerous stations 

 along the coasts from the Gulf of Aden to Andaman Islands (Kcehler 

 and Vaney, 1905, 1910) ; east of southern Sakhalin. 



45. MOLPADIA SPINOSA (Ludwig). 



Ankyroderma spinosum Ludwig, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., Harvard Coll., vol. 24, 

 No. 4, 1893, pp. 113-114; Albatross Holothurioidea, 1894, pp. 171-173, pi. 17, 

 fig. 10; pi. 18, figs. 1-12.— Sluiter, Siboga Holothurien, 1901, p. 120 — 

 Kcehler and Vaney, Les Holothuries de mer profonde, 1905, pp. 96, 97. 



Molpadia musculus Clark (part), The Apodous Holothurians, 1907, pp. 34-35, 

 166, pi. 11, figs. 1, 5, 9-13; Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., vol. 32, 1913, pp. 

 228-229. 



Station 5057. One specimen. 



The body proper measures only 21 mm. in length, while £he caudal 

 appendage is 7 mm. long. Numerous tablelike deposits of general 

 perisome (Ludwig, pi. 18, figs. 1-8) measure 200-350/* in diameter, 

 with a mean of 260/*, number of holes in the disk usually 3, varying 

 from none to 6. Between these there are a very few delicate ones 

 (Ludwig, pi. 18, fig. 11) with a disk about 100/* in diameter, and a 

 spire 150/* high. Toward the anterior and posterior regions of the 

 body the tables become very robust and are usually beset with two 

 processes produced in opposite directions, lying transversely to the 

 body axis (Ludwig, pi. 18, fig. 10). These may attain the length of 

 700/*. Spindle-shaped bodies which are found only in the caudal 

 appendage are very abundant; their length varies 330-710/*, holes 

 3-4 in number. Anchors and rosettes almost wanting; the racket- 

 shaped bodies measure 540-650/* long. Phosphatic corpuscles are 

 clustered in patches all over the body except caudal appendage. 



Though Kcehler and Vaney have proved the variability of the 

 relative length of tail and similarity in shape of spicules, there re- 

 mains some doubt as to the identity of this species with M. musculus. 

 The only point of distinction between the two species seems to me 

 to lie in the different distribution of spicules. In the specimen before 



