no. 2074. STUDIES ON FOSSIL FLORA— BERRY. 299 



Family FAGACEAE. 

 Genus FAGUS Linnaeus. 



FAGUS AMERICANA Sweet.* 



Fagus ferruginea Aiton, Knowlton, Amer. Geol., vol. 18, 1896, p. 371. — Mercer, 



Journ. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., ser. 2, vol. 11, 1899, pp. 277, 281, fig. 8 15 . 

 Fagus americana Sweet, Hollick, Md. Geol. Surv., Pli. and Pleist., 1906, p. 226. — 



Berry, Torreya, vol. 6, 1906, p. 88; Journ. Geol., vol. 15, 1907, p. 341; Amer. 



Nat., vol. 41, 1907, p. 692, pi. 2, fig. 7; vol. 43, 1909, p. 435; Amer. Journ. 



Sci., eer. 4, vol. 29, 1910, p. 393. 



The beech is widely distributed in the fluvial Pleistocene deposits of 

 the Southern States, where it is commonly represented by nuts and 

 husks as well as leaves. Leaves are sparingly represented at the 

 Columbus Bluff. In the existing flora the beech is a common river- 

 bottom type ranging from southern Canada to Florida and Texas. 



Genus QUERCTJS Linnaeus. 

 QUERCUS, species. 



Two lignitized acorns were collected from the clays of the Columbus 

 Bluff. Although exact determination has not been attempted, they 

 obviously represent a recent species and strongly suggest those of 

 Quercus alba Linnaeus. 



Order URTICALES. 

 Family ULMACEAE. 



Genus ULMUS Linnaeus. 



ULMUS ALATA Michaux. 



Plate 12, fig. 6. 



Ulmus alata Michaux, Lesquereux. Amer. Journ. Sci., ser. 2, vol. 27, 1859, p. 

 065.— Berry, Journ. Geol., vol. 15, 1907, p. 343; Amer. Nat., vol. 41, 1907, 

 p. 694, pi. 1, figs. 6, 7; Amer. Journ. Sci., ser. 4, vol. 29, 1910, p. 396. 



This species was recorded by Lesquereux from the Chalk Banks near 

 Columbus in 1859. It has since been recorded from the late Pleis- 

 tocene of North Carolina and Alabama. Characteristic leaves of this 

 species are common in the clays at Hickman. The specimen figured, 

 however, is not typical and is of questionable identity. 



In the existing flora this species ranges from southern Virginia to 

 southern Illinois and southward to Florida and Texas, hence the fossil 

 occurrence at Hickman is near the northern limit of its present range. 



1 The latest name of the systematists for this species is Fagus grandifolia Ehrhart. 



