no. 2079. GENERA IN CONCHOLOGICAL ILLUSTRATIONS— BALL. 439 



called hondurasensis and suffusa; and the younger Sowerby in the 

 Thesaurus confused together these two and the analogous species {F. 

 inaequalis Sowerby ?) of the Pacific coast. 



The species aperta Sowerby ( = hiantula Lamarck) in the Con- 

 chological Illustrations is the type of Pupillaea Gray/ and could not, 

 therefore, be utilized as a type for Lucapina in spite of Gray's 

 associating them in 1847. The same is true of Fissurella crenulata 

 Sowerby, which he placed with cancellata in 1857. Yet, owing to 

 Carpenter's action in segregating Glyphis without determining the 

 matter of priority, it has come about that later authors, including 

 the usually accurate S. P. Woodward, have regarded Fissurella 

 crenulata Sowerby, 1825, as the type of Lucapina, though it was not 

 mentioned in that connection until years after the first publication 

 of the name. The confusion with the name cancellata Gray (not 

 Sowerby), which is the same as Patella graeca Pennant and Mon- 

 tagu (not Linnaeus), as apertura Montagu (not Born), as reticulata 

 Donovan (not of Bolten), and is not cancellata Gmelin, is respon- 

 sible for Donovan's name getting into the synonymy. 



This state of affairs leaves the large and beautiful Fissurella cren- 

 ulata of Sowerby, so well known on the Pacific coast, without a 

 valid generic name. For this I propose the name Macrochasma in 

 allusion to the large anal foramen. 



Another monotypic generic name appears in the Conchological 

 Illustrations, Macroschisma Gray, founded on Patella macros chisma 

 Solander, from Japan, and another species from Australia. The 

 latter is not named and was regarded by Sowerby as a variety of 

 the Japanese shell. 



From the examination of a large number of specimens from the 

 University of Tokio it seems probable that individual variation in 

 this species is great enough to cover several of the species which 

 have been described from Japan. 



Machrochisma Swainson 2 is founded on the Fissurella macro- 

 schisma of Sowerby' s Genera of Shells (Hg. 5), which the latter 

 author supposed to be identical with F. Jiiantula Lamarck; Sowerby's 

 shell hardly differs from the typical Macroschisma, with which it 

 probably should be united. 



Pupillaea Gray also appears for the first time in the Conchological 

 Illustrations, cited from the unpublished notes of Doctor Gray on 

 the Mollusca of Beechey's Voyage. It is founded on Fissurella 

 aperta Sowerby, 1825, which, like the earlier name hiantula Lamarck, 

 1822, was based on Born's vignette figure F, on page 414 of the 

 Museum Vindobonense. All the shells of the various species of 

 this group are remarkably similar in shape, color pattern, and sculp- 

 ture. Until the animals have been carefully compared no final 



i Conch. 111. Fissurella, p. 2, No. 12, 1834. 2 Mai., p. 350, 1840. 



