NO.208C. SOME MAMMALS OF THE PLEISTOCENE— HAY. 535 



the molars there is a single, rather deep reentering fold; in the 

 premolars, some small plications. 



In the lower cheek-teeth of E. niobrarensis the valley which enters 

 the tooth at the frent of the inner face sends toward the outer face 

 of the tooth a horn-like process which is narrower and longer than it 

 is in E. hatcheri and the domestic horses. The wall which bounds 

 outwardly the expansion of the hinder inner valley is much more 

 strongly undulated than it is in E. hatcheri. To what extent these 

 characters vary in different individuals of the two species must be 

 left for determination to future research. 



EQUUS FRANCISCI, new species. 



Diagnosis. — A small Pleistocene horse which had apparently the 

 size of Equus tau Owen, but which had the last premolar and the 

 anterior two molars wider than long, instead of longer than wide. 

 Enamel of cheek-teeth in simple pattern. 



Type. — A nearly complete skull and considerable fragments of the 

 skeleton. Found in Wharton County, Texas. 



From Prof. Mark Francis, of the veterinary department of the 

 Agricultural and Mechanical College of Texas, at College Station, 

 the writer received a letter, dated May 27, 1913, in which an account 

 was given of the discovery in that region of some remains of an 

 extinct horse. The information communicated was that about Febru- 

 ary 1 a farmer living at or near a town by the name of Lissie, in the 

 northern part of Wharton County, had, in digging a well, and at a 

 depth of 25 feet, met with a skeleton of some animal. No effort was 

 made to save the bones, but they were broken up with the pick and 

 shovel and the fragments were thrown out on the dump. About 

 ten days later Professor Francis learned of the discovery and went 

 to the place to see what had been unearthed. He found the remains 

 to be those of an extinct horse, and he secured most of the skull and 

 many parts of the rest of the skeleton. The skull had been broken 

 and some parts of it had been lost. It is quite probable that the com- 

 plete skeleton was there and might with some efforts have been 

 secured by the farmer. 



The remains thus obtained were sent to Ward's Natural History 

 Establishment, at Rochester, New York, for restoration. About April 

 1, 1914, they were sent to the writer for examination and description. 



Professor Francis deserves credit for the zeal and intelligence 

 which he has shown in saving this valuable specimen. He is continu- 

 ally watching for such discoveries, and as a result he has secured a 

 large and valuable collection of the remains of many fossil verte- 

 brates of his region. Furthermore, in doing so he has taken care to 

 obtain all the possible information regarding the localities where they 

 have been found and under what conditions. 



