562 



PROCEEDIXGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. 



vol. 4S. 



" Forest horses." 1 It will be observed, too. that the LofToden speci- 

 men has low cranio-cephalic and faeio-cephalie indices. Inasmuch as 

 Stejneger regards the tarpan of southern Russia as being co- specific 

 with the Celtic pony, it will be well to include here the data regarding 

 the skulls of two recorded specimens. The elements of the following- 

 table are taken from Tscherski's table : 



Measurements in millimeters and indices of skulls of the tarpan. 



hollar Vprfpx Frontal Ce ~ Cranial Crani °- Vopial Facio- ! For. Vomei 



Specimens. \f£gg J «£« ™g» 1 phalic g™ 1 cephalic ** c ™ cephalic mag. to to 

 lenfcin. lengin. wi^m. index< iengm. ^^ lengji. index. | vomer, palate. 



Chersonese 470 



Crimean : 470.5 



512 

 520 



206 



•::s 



43.6 

 43.1 



168 



172 



35.7 

 36.5 



347 

 346 



73.5 

 73.5 



122 



95.5 



The measurements and indices of these two specimens are remark- 

 ably similar. In size, as shown by the basilar length, they are larger 

 than either of the two ponies recorded in the table just preceding this 

 one. They are also larger than any of the eight small horses found in 

 the table on page 559. Nevertheless, they are not much larger, and 

 are far from having the size of the large horses. In breadth of face 

 they resemble the small horses and Ewart's Celtic pony. In the 

 facio-cephalic index they resemble the LofToden pony, as well as some 

 of the large narrow-faced group. The chances are that their prede- 

 cessors had mingled somewhat with the large narrow-faced horses. 



To the broad-faced species of the Pleistocene would be assigned 

 horse Xo. 25 of Xehring's list, found in a peat bog in northern Ger- 

 many and figured by Xehring on his plate 7. From his measure- 

 ments the following results are obtained: 



Xehring's Triosces horse. 



Basilar 



Vertex 

 length.. 



Frontal Cephalic 

 width. index. 



Cranial 

 length. 



Cranio- 

 cephalic 



i£.:.ex. 



I neJal 



c f_-V:":--7, - ::.2K. Vomer to 



455 



mm. 



soo 



mm. 



204 



44. S 



mm. 

 163 



35. S 



333 



73.2 



110 



mm. 

 108 



It will be seen that these measurements and indices agree well with 

 those of the smaller domestic horses, except that the size is somewhat 

 greater and that the face is rather shorter than usual on the latter. 

 In this respect it agrees with the tarpan just described. 



From the fossil horse, described by Xehring from Eemagen and 

 illustrated on his plate 5. the following measurements and indices are 

 obtained : 



1 Trans. Rot. Soc. Edinburgh, vol. 4, p. 556. 



