﻿174 
  REPORT 
  UNITED 
  STATES 
  ENTOMOLOGICAL 
  COMMISSION. 
  

  

  grasshopper 
  (Phaneroptera), 
  but 
  which 
  may 
  be 
  described 
  as 
  nearly 
  like 
  

   that 
  of 
  the 
  (Ecanthus, 
  only 
  not 
  long 
  continued, 
  but 
  sharper 
  and 
  stronger." 
  

   The 
  want 
  of 
  continuity 
  in 
  the 
  shrilling 
  noise 
  is 
  probably 
  owing 
  to 
  the 
  

   small 
  size 
  and 
  expanse 
  of 
  the 
  wings 
  as 
  compared 
  with 
  the 
  fully 
  devel- 
  

   oped 
  wings 
  of 
  the 
  katydids 
  and 
  the 
  cricket. 
  That 
  the 
  hind 
  wings 
  are 
  

   not 
  concerned 
  in 
  making 
  the 
  sound 
  is 
  proved 
  by 
  their 
  undeveloped, 
  soft, 
  

   limp 
  condition. 
  

  

  The 
  hind 
  body, 
  or 
  abdomen. 
  — 
  This 
  region 
  is 
  about 
  half 
  as 
  long 
  as 
  the 
  

   body, 
  and 
  is 
  a 
  little 
  flattened 
  sideways, 
  ending 
  abruptly, 
  and 
  in 
  the 
  fe- 
  

   male 
  terminates 
  in 
  the 
  large 
  saber-shaped 
  ovipositor. 
  It 
  consists 
  of 
  

   seven 
  well-marked 
  segments, 
  the 
  other 
  three 
  being 
  rudimentary. 
  Be- 
  

   neath 
  are 
  eight 
  hard 
  pieces 
  (sternites, 
  Fig. 
  4, 
  2-8), 
  surrounded 
  by 
  a 
  mem- 
  

   brane 
  j 
  the 
  four 
  basal 
  ones 
  are 
  broader 
  than 
  long; 
  the 
  fifth 
  nearly 
  twice 
  

   as 
  long 
  as 
  broad 
  ; 
  the 
  sixth 
  large, 
  rounded, 
  shield-shaped 
  ; 
  the 
  seventh 
  

   thickened, 
  boss-like, 
  and 
  one-half 
  as 
  large 
  as 
  the 
  sixth. 
  The 
  eighth 
  piece 
  

   forms 
  a 
  large 
  (oviducal) 
  plate, 
  which 
  is 
  broad, 
  square, 
  beveled 
  off 
  at 
  the 
  

   posterior 
  end, 
  with 
  a 
  slight 
  median 
  ridge, 
  and 
  a 
  sharp 
  spine 
  at 
  each 
  side 
  

   of 
  the 
  posterior 
  edge. 
  From 
  each 
  side 
  of 
  the 
  plate 
  is 
  sent 
  off 
  a 
  spatulate 
  

   lobe 
  reaching 
  to 
  the 
  base 
  of 
  the 
  spine 
  below. 
  

  

  The 
  tenth 
  ring 
  forms 
  the 
  supra- 
  anal 
  plate, 
  the 
  pointed 
  end 
  of 
  which 
  

   is 
  subtriangular, 
  sunken 
  in 
  the 
  middle 
  and 
  with 
  raised 
  edges, 
  this 
  pos- 
  

   terior 
  portion 
  forming 
  a 
  depressed 
  flap 
  covering 
  the 
  anal 
  opening. 
  On 
  

   each 
  side 
  of 
  this 
  supra-anal 
  flap 
  is 
  a 
  cercus 
  or 
  appendage 
  (Fig. 
  4, 
  <?), 
  

   each 
  acute, 
  small, 
  and 
  slightly 
  hairy. 
  Two 
  rounded, 
  fleshy 
  infra-anal 
  

   flaps 
  are 
  situated 
  each 
  side 
  of 
  and 
  below 
  the 
  supra-anal 
  flap, 
  and 
  partly 
  

   conceal 
  the 
  vent. 
  

  

  The 
  ovipositor 
  is 
  a 
  little 
  over 
  one-half 
  as 
  long 
  as 
  the 
  body, 
  it 
  is 
  

   compressed, 
  and 
  the 
  base 
  is 
  as 
  broad 
  as 
  deep. 
  It 
  can 
  easily 
  be 
  sep- 
  

   arated 
  into 
  three 
  pairs 
  of 
  blades 
  called 
  rhabdites. 
  The 
  eggs 
  pass 
  out 
  

   through 
  the 
  inner 
  of 
  the 
  three 
  pairs 
  of 
  blades 
  constituting 
  the 
  oviposi- 
  

   tor. 
  For 
  example, 
  an 
  egg 
  after 
  leaving 
  the 
  mouth 
  of 
  the 
  oviduct 
  passes 
  

   along 
  between 
  the 
  lower 
  (or 
  middle) 
  and 
  the 
  inner 
  pair 
  of 
  blades. 
  The 
  

   base 
  of 
  the 
  lower 
  pair 
  of 
  blades 
  has 
  a 
  chitinous 
  lobe, 
  which 
  is 
  flattened, 
  

   closing 
  tightly, 
  and 
  when 
  the 
  ovipositor 
  is 
  depressed 
  fills 
  or 
  covers 
  the 
  

   mouth 
  of 
  the 
  oviduct. 
  The 
  lower 
  pair 
  of 
  blades 
  is 
  lined 
  at 
  the 
  base 
  

   with 
  a 
  membrane, 
  while 
  the 
  passage 
  for 
  the 
  egg 
  is 
  roofed 
  over 
  by 
  a 
  

   membrane 
  connecting 
  the 
  base 
  of 
  the 
  inner 
  blades. 
  

  

  In 
  the 
  abdomen 
  of 
  the 
  male 
  the 
  tenth 
  segment 
  is 
  separated 
  by 
  the 
  

   supra-anal 
  plate, 
  which 
  covers 
  nearly 
  twice 
  the 
  area 
  it 
  does 
  in 
  the 
  fe- 
  

   male 
  ; 
  it 
  is 
  nearly 
  one-half 
  as 
  long 
  as 
  wide, 
  with 
  a 
  triangular 
  furrow, 
  

   which 
  is 
  membranous 
  at 
  the 
  bottom, 
  so 
  as 
  to 
  allow 
  the 
  two 
  sides 
  of 
  the 
  

   plate 
  to 
  move 
  together, 
  and 
  thus 
  approximate 
  the 
  claspers. 
  The 
  cerci, 
  

   which 
  are 
  simple 
  pointed 
  appendages 
  in 
  the 
  female, 
  are 
  here 
  converted 
  

   into 
  a 
  pair 
  of 
  stout 
  claspers 
  (Fig. 
  1, 
  2, 
  b, 
  c), 
  ending 
  in 
  two 
  unequal 
  hooks, 
  

   the 
  larger 
  hook 
  bent 
  at 
  right 
  angles 
  j 
  the 
  claspers, 
  owing 
  to 
  the 
  triang- 
  

  

  