﻿APPENDIX 
  I. 
  NEBRASKA 
  DATA, 
  1-77. 
  [5] 
  

  

  voracious 
  appetites, 
  and 
  the 
  damage 
  done 
  was 
  confined 
  only 
  to 
  narrow 
  stripe 
  of 
  wheat. 
  

   We 
  were 
  visited 
  by 
  them 
  time 
  and 
  again, 
  Bometimee 
  from 
  the 
  sooth, 
  sometimes 
  from 
  

  

  the 
  north, 
  oner 
  destroying 
  the 
  «>at 
  crop, 
  another 
  time 
  the 
  corn 
  crop, 
  but 
  have 
  never, 
  

  

  as 
  yet, 
  seriously 
  injured 
  the 
  wheat 
  crop. 
  

  

  Question 
  1. 
  In 
  l-7f>. 
  wind 
  northwest, 
  fresh 
  luce/.-. 
  The 
  first 
  swarm 
  arrived 
  here 
  

   August 
  15, 
  4 
  o'clock 
  p. 
  m. 
  

  

  16. 
  Clear, 
  warm, 
  with 
  occasional 
  flying 
  dark 
  clouds. 
  The 
  swarms 
  were 
  seen 
  for 
  

   Three 
  Hours 
  in 
  the 
  distance 
  : 
  mistaken 
  by 
  some 
  for 
  banks 
  of 
  clouds. 
  

  

  1 
  c. 
  Covering 
  a 
  breadth 
  of 
  30 
  miles 
  ; 
  from 
  northwest; 
  dense 
  enough 
  to 
  darken 
  the 
  

   sun 
  perceptibly 
  : 
  500 
  feet 
  in 
  depth. 
  

  

  Question 
  '2. 
  In 
  1876; 
  on 
  every 
  dry 
  day 
  ; 
  when 
  the 
  wind 
  was 
  favorable, 
  from 
  the 
  north- 
  

   west 
  or 
  west 
  ; 
  for 
  some 
  ten 
  days 
  : 
  swarms 
  were 
  leaving 
  each 
  day 
  to 
  the 
  south 
  and 
  south- 
  

   east, 
  others 
  arriving- 
  from 
  the 
  west 
  and 
  northwest, 
  and 
  for 
  two 
  weeks 
  longer 
  deposited 
  

   their 
  eggs, 
  having 
  as 
  soon 
  as 
  the 
  work 
  was 
  completed. 
  Those 
  which 
  are 
  hatched 
  in 
  

   the 
  north 
  have 
  uniformly 
  gone 
  to 
  the 
  southeast, 
  while 
  the 
  eggs 
  which 
  were 
  deposited 
  

   when 
  hatched 
  as 
  uniformly 
  move 
  in 
  the 
  direction 
  the 
  parents 
  came 
  from. 
  The 
  Calop- 
  

   tetuis 
  8pretus 
  has 
  such 
  a 
  spread 
  of 
  gauzy 
  wings 
  that 
  it 
  can 
  neither 
  llv 
  when 
  the 
  air 
  is 
  

   damp 
  nor 
  against 
  The 
  wind 
  : 
  it 
  rises 
  only 
  when 
  the 
  dew 
  is 
  off, 
  10 
  to 
  il 
  a. 
  m., 
  4 
  to 
  5 
  p. 
  

   m.. 
  and 
  with 
  no 
  wind 
  move 
  about 
  five 
  miles 
  an 
  hour, 
  or 
  faster 
  with 
  the 
  breeze, 
  and 
  

   high 
  or 
  low 
  as 
  the 
  air 
  is 
  more 
  or 
  less 
  dry, 
  and 
  highest 
  at 
  noon. 
  

  

  Qmstion 
  3. 
  The 
  eggs 
  in 
  1877 
  hatched 
  very 
  uneven, 
  owing, 
  as 
  is 
  supposed, 
  from 
  be- 
  

   ing 
  deposited 
  in 
  more 
  varied 
  soils; 
  most 
  of 
  the 
  eggs 
  hatched 
  between 
  the 
  10th 
  and 
  

   20th 
  April. 
  

  

  Question 
  5. 
  From 
  the 
  10th 
  to 
  the 
  30th 
  of 
  April. 
  

  

  Question 
  6. 
  One-third. 
  First, 
  because 
  of 
  mild 
  winter 
  weather. 
  Moisture 
  is 
  the 
  only 
  

   condition 
  that 
  will 
  spoil 
  The 
  eggs 
  ; 
  cold 
  will 
  not 
  do 
  it, 
  neither 
  before 
  nor 
  after 
  develop- 
  

   ment 
  has 
  begun. 
  Second, 
  because 
  it 
  is 
  claimed, 
  and 
  correctly 
  Too, 
  that 
  some 
  of 
  The 
  eggs 
  

   were 
  hatched 
  last 
  fall 
  ; 
  have 
  seen 
  eggs 
  hatched, 
  two 
  or 
  three 
  years 
  ago 
  in 
  the 
  middle 
  

   of 
  August 
  that 
  were 
  dropped 
  abouT 
  Three 
  weeks 
  before, 
  but" 
  The 
  voung 
  'hoppers 
  so 
  

   hatched 
  were 
  noT 
  nearly 
  as 
  numerous 
  as 
  Their 
  parenTs 
  were. 
  

  

  Question 
  7. 
  Dry, 
  sandy, 
  naked, 
  hard, 
  or 
  compact 
  soil, 
  in 
  The 
  sod 
  of 
  new 
  breakings 
  

   and 
  on 
  roadsides 
  : 
  it 
  is 
  on 
  or 
  near 
  These 
  places 
  where 
  The 
  damage 
  is 
  now 
  commitTed 
  

   and 
  where 
  The 
  insects 
  are 
  now 
  congregaTed 
  in 
  flocks 
  of 
  unTold 
  millions, 
  -while 
  There 
  

   are 
  also 
  large 
  spaces 
  of 
  prairie 
  and 
  culTivaTed 
  spoTs 
  intersecting 
  where 
  There 
  is 
  not 
  a 
  

   grasshopper 
  to 
  be 
  found. 
  

  

  Question 
  9. 
  An 
  average 
  of 
  50 
  days 
  after 
  hatching, 
  being 
  about 
  June 
  25 
  to 
  30, 
  as 
  for- 
  

   merly. 
  

  

  Question 
  10. 
  A 
  period 
  of 
  noT 
  less 
  than 
  ten 
  days 
  will 
  elapse 
  after 
  firll 
  wings 
  are 
  grown, 
  

   to 
  all 
  appearance, 
  before 
  they 
  will 
  actually 
  marshal 
  their 
  hosts 
  : 
  which 
  will 
  bring 
  it, 
  

   as 
  in 
  lc67 
  and 
  1>74, 
  to 
  The 
  last 
  days 
  in 
  June, 
  and 
  before 
  which 
  there 
  is 
  no 
  hope 
  of 
  being 
  

   rid 
  of 
  Them 
  in 
  This 
  locality. 
  

  

  Question 
  11. 
  Up 
  To 
  May 
  13; 
  about 
  one-sixTh 
  of 
  wheat 
  and 
  one-Third 
  of 
  gardens. 
  

  

  Question 
  12. 
  Wheat 
  and 
  gardens. 
  

  

  Question 
  13. 
  All 
  small 
  grain. 
  

  

  Question 
  14. 
  Last 
  year 
  there 
  was 
  none 
  but 
  corn, 
  flax, 
  potatoes, 
  tobacco, 
  and 
  late 
  

   gardens 
  in 
  1875 
  ; 
  they 
  came 
  from 
  the 
  south 
  in 
  August, 
  about 
  the 
  1st. 
  again, 
  injuring 
  the 
  

   corn 
  crop 
  most. 
  

  

  Question 
  15. 
  Those 
  hatched 
  here 
  invariably 
  go 
  northwest 
  ; 
  Thev 
  go 
  in 
  no 
  definiTe 
  

   direction 
  before 
  their 
  wings 
  are 
  of 
  lull 
  length, 
  and 
  then 
  spend 
  some 
  ten 
  days 
  in 
  exer- 
  

   cising 
  their 
  muscle 
  in 
  short 
  flights, 
  increasing 
  from 
  ten 
  feet 
  To 
  twenty 
  rods/ 
  In 
  damp 
  

   weather 
  and 
  nights 
  they 
  huddle 
  and 
  lie 
  still 
  on 
  clods, 
  weeds, 
  trees, 
  corn 
  and 
  wheat 
  

   stalks. 
  

  

  Question 
  10. 
  A 
  few 
  have 
  been 
  burning 
  them 
  bv 
  stringing 
  out 
  straw, 
  and 
  in 
  cool 
  

   nights, 
  when 
  they 
  seek 
  The 
  straw 
  for 
  shelter, 
  it 
  is 
  set 
  on 
  fire, 
  leaving 
  The 
  ground 
  cov- 
  

   ered 
  with 
  red-burned 
  'hoppers 
  : 
  some 
  have 
  bought 
  or 
  made 
  machines 
  or 
  traps, 
  and 
  

   have 
  used 
  them 
  with 
  good 
  success, 
  sufficient 
  to 
  establish 
  the 
  fact 
  that 
  hereafter 
  no 
  

   crops 
  will 
  be 
  destroyed 
  by 
  the 
  young 
  'hoppers 
  if 
  all 
  will 
  take 
  hold, 
  burn, 
  ditch, 
  and 
  

   catch 
  them; 
  and 
  last, 
  but 
  not 
  least, 
  protect 
  The 
  birds: 
  also 
  Turning 
  under 
  deep 
  The 
  

   eggs 
  on 
  cultivated 
  soil 
  before 
  putting 
  in 
  crops. 
  

  

  Question 
  17. 
  Xone. 
  

  

  Question 
  18. 
  The 
  essential 
  feaTures 
  of 
  these 
  machines 
  or 
  traps 
  are 
  : 
  1st. 
  a 
  platform 
  

   that 
  runs 
  on 
  The 
  ground, 
  on 
  runners 
  or 
  wheels: 
  2d, 
  a 
  canopy 
  meeting 
  The 
  platform 
  at 
  

   an 
  angle; 
  3d, 
  a 
  reservoir 
  at 
  The 
  junction 
  of 
  The 
  Two, 
  containing 
  water 
  or 
  coal-oil, 
  

   eiTher 
  or 
  both. 
  The 
  'hoppers 
  juii 
  ping 
  up 
  strike 
  against 
  the 
  canopy 
  while 
  The 
  machine 
  

   is 
  m 
  motion 
  and 
  will 
  fall 
  into 
  the 
  reservoir. 
  

  

  Question 
  "20. 
  A 
  hour 
  every 
  other 
  year. 
  

  

  Question 
  21. 
  Nearly 
  all 
  birds, 
  domestic 
  or 
  wild, 
  limit 
  their 
  work 
  of 
  destroving 
  The 
  in- 
  

   secTs 
  by 
  their 
  capacity, 
  such 
  as 
  blackbirds, 
  snowbirds, 
  prairie-chickens: 
  and, 
  finally, 
  

   machines 
  or 
  traps, 
  are 
  capable 
  of 
  saving 
  the 
  crop 
  in 
  the 
  worst 
  grasshopper 
  year 
  if 
  bred 
  

  

  