﻿APPENDIX 
  I. 
  — 
  NEBRASKA 
  DATA, 
  1877, 
  [15] 
  

  

  time 
  the 
  last 
  of 
  June 
  and 
  the 
  first 
  of 
  July. 
  BO 
  of 
  course 
  we 
  had 
  no 
  ripe 
  coin. 
  What 
  we 
  

   pat 
  in 
  cribs, 
  most 
  of 
  it. 
  began 
  to 
  heat, 
  and 
  we 
  hauled 
  it 
  oat 
  for 
  manure. 
  

  

  Last 
  fall, 
  it 
  Beems, 
  we 
  were 
  favored 
  ; 
  the 
  'hoppers 
  did 
  not 
  get 
  here 
  till 
  September 
  

   14. 
  They 
  had 
  been 
  near, 
  both 
  north 
  and 
  west, 
  tor 
  several 
  weeks, 
  but 
  a 
  steady 
  south 
  

   •wind 
  kept 
  them 
  l>aek. 
  bo 
  there 
  were 
  not 
  so 
  many 
  eggs 
  laid 
  as 
  in 
  1874, 
  and 
  the 
  season 
  

   has 
  been 
  so 
  wet 
  that 
  I 
  have 
  no 
  doubt 
  one-half 
  of 
  the 
  eggs 
  are 
  rotten. 
  Since 
  May 
  ( 
  J 
  it 
  

   lias 
  rained 
  every 
  day 
  except 
  two. 
  Very 
  few 
  'hoppers 
  are 
  alive 
  now, 
  most 
  of 
  them 
  

   being 
  either 
  picked 
  up 
  by 
  the 
  birds 
  or 
  drowned 
  by 
  the 
  rains. 
  I 
  am 
  glad 
  to 
  see 
  you 
  

   recommend 
  plowing 
  and 
  harrowing 
  in 
  the 
  Bulletin. 
  Wo 
  began 
  to 
  plow 
  our 
  roads 
  in 
  

   February, 
  and 
  our 
  club 
  has 
  been 
  planning 
  and 
  working 
  to 
  try 
  to 
  save 
  our 
  crops 
  ever 
  

   since, 
  and 
  it 
  encourages 
  us 
  to 
  know 
  that 
  our 
  example 
  has 
  been 
  followed 
  nearly 
  all 
  

   over 
  the 
  county. 
  

  

  In 
  1876 
  the 
  first 
  eggs 
  were 
  deposited 
  here 
  September 
  15. 
  

  

  The 
  eggs 
  were 
  most 
  numerously 
  hatching 
  this 
  year 
  May 
  8, 
  on 
  the 
  roadsides, 
  aban- 
  

   doned 
  roads, 
  &c. 
  

  

  A 
  neighbor 
  saved 
  his 
  garden 
  in 
  1875 
  by 
  ditching 
  around 
  it 
  2 
  feet 
  wide 
  and 
  2 
  feet 
  

   deep. 
  Another 
  saved 
  his 
  voung 
  apple-trees 
  by 
  whitewashing 
  often. 
  

  

  GEOEGE 
  HUTCHINGS. 
  

  

  Friend, 
  Saline 
  County, 
  June 
  1, 
  1^77. 
  

  

  The 
  time 
  that 
  swarms 
  of 
  locusts 
  arrive 
  vary 
  in 
  accordance 
  with 
  the 
  wind. 
  

  

  In 
  1^73 
  the 
  locust, 
  in 
  passing 
  from 
  the 
  northeast, 
  encountered 
  a 
  southwest 
  wind, 
  which 
  

   caused 
  them 
  to 
  alight 
  in 
  great 
  numbers 
  (August 
  27), 
  at 
  about 
  4 
  p. 
  m. 
  On 
  the 
  follow- 
  

   ing 
  day. 
  the 
  wind 
  having 
  changed 
  to 
  the 
  north, 
  a 
  considerable 
  number 
  of 
  them 
  passed 
  

   on 
  towards 
  the 
  southwest. 
  

  

  In 
  1876 
  the 
  first 
  appearance 
  of 
  the 
  locusts 
  was 
  August 
  25, 
  at 
  3 
  p. 
  m. 
  ; 
  they 
  came 
  

   from 
  the 
  northwest, 
  the 
  wind 
  being 
  favorable 
  to 
  their 
  general 
  course. 
  They 
  evinced 
  

   no 
  inclination 
  to 
  migrate 
  farther, 
  but 
  deposited 
  their 
  eggs 
  and 
  remained 
  until 
  The 
  cold 
  

   finally 
  put 
  an 
  cud 
  to 
  their 
  existence. 
  

  

  Their 
  descent 
  has 
  been 
  either 
  during 
  clear 
  warm 
  days 
  or 
  upon 
  the 
  approach 
  of 
  sud- 
  

   den 
  storms. 
  

  

  The 
  general 
  direction 
  of 
  swarms 
  are 
  alternately 
  from 
  north 
  to 
  south, 
  going 
  south, 
  

   where 
  they 
  deposit 
  their 
  eggs, 
  and 
  when 
  the 
  young 
  are 
  sufficiently 
  large 
  to 
  fly 
  going 
  

   north 
  the 
  next 
  season. 
  The 
  departure 
  varies 
  according 
  to 
  the 
  amount 
  of 
  dew 
  on 
  the 
  

   ground. 
  When 
  there 
  is 
  no 
  dew 
  their 
  departure 
  will 
  date 
  as 
  early 
  as 
  7 
  to 
  8 
  a. 
  m., 
  and 
  

   in 
  other 
  cases 
  when 
  the 
  dew 
  is 
  sufficiently 
  gone 
  to 
  allow 
  them 
  to 
  become 
  dry. 
  They 
  

   always 
  fly 
  with 
  the 
  wind, 
  and 
  in 
  case 
  the 
  wind 
  is 
  adverse 
  they 
  patiently 
  wait 
  for 
  a 
  

   favorable 
  breeze. 
  

  

  They 
  began 
  to 
  deposit 
  eggs 
  about 
  September 
  1, 
  and 
  continued 
  until 
  the 
  frosts 
  put 
  

   an 
  end 
  to 
  it. 
  

  

  Eggs 
  hatched 
  most 
  numerous 
  from 
  May 
  1 
  to 
  15. 
  The 
  date 
  of 
  hatching 
  previously 
  

   was 
  May 
  1. 
  The 
  hatching 
  was 
  late 
  this 
  year 
  on 
  account 
  of 
  long 
  cold 
  rains. 
  

  

  Eggs 
  are 
  usually 
  deposited 
  in 
  hard 
  ground 
  sloping 
  toward 
  the 
  south. 
  1st. 
  New 
  

   breaking 
  being 
  the 
  most 
  preferred. 
  2d. 
  Early 
  fall 
  plowed 
  land. 
  

  

  The 
  young 
  were 
  most 
  numerously 
  hatched 
  on 
  sod 
  land 
  (or 
  what 
  is 
  termed 
  in 
  Ne- 
  

   braska 
  new 
  breaking}. 
  

  

  The 
  insects 
  are 
  full 
  fledged 
  about 
  June 
  25. 
  and 
  take 
  their 
  flight 
  about 
  July 
  1. 
  

  

  This 
  section 
  was 
  visited 
  in 
  1876. 
  Visited 
  in 
  1674 
  and 
  1858. 
  

  

  Birds 
  and 
  domestic 
  fowls 
  have 
  been 
  very 
  useful 
  in 
  destroying 
  the 
  full 
  grown' 
  hoppers 
  

   In 
  the 
  fall 
  of 
  1876 
  the 
  prairie 
  hen 
  was 
  so 
  impregnated 
  with 
  the 
  locust 
  taste 
  as 
  to 
  be 
  

   unpalatable. 
  Quails, 
  prairie 
  chickens, 
  snipe, 
  blackbirds, 
  &c, 
  have 
  been 
  killed 
  in 
  

   this 
  vicinity 
  with 
  their 
  crops 
  filled 
  with 
  the 
  eggs. 
  At 
  present 
  Nebraska 
  is 
  trying 
  to 
  pro- 
  

   tect 
  her 
  birds 
  by 
  a 
  law 
  imposing 
  heavy 
  tines 
  for 
  the 
  killing, 
  robbing 
  of 
  nests, 
  or 
  hav- 
  

   ing 
  in 
  possession 
  any 
  recently 
  killed 
  bird 
  at 
  any 
  season 
  of 
  the 
  year, 
  and 
  the 
  probabili- 
  

   ties 
  are 
  that 
  it 
  will 
  be 
  enforced. 
  During 
  the 
  fall 
  of 
  1876 
  my 
  garden, 
  50 
  by 
  100 
  feet, 
  

   was 
  literally 
  filled 
  with 
  eggs. 
  Upon 
  close 
  examination 
  I 
  found 
  100 
  eggs 
  to 
  the 
  square 
  

   inch, 
  and 
  the 
  running 
  of 
  a 
  spade 
  or 
  hoe 
  through 
  the 
  ground 
  about 
  one 
  inch 
  below 
  the 
  

   surface 
  made 
  a 
  noise 
  like 
  distinct 
  skirmishing, 
  so 
  numerous 
  were 
  the 
  eggs. 
  At 
  that 
  

   time 
  1 
  had 
  seven 
  of 
  the 
  common 
  chickens, 
  and 
  I 
  noticed 
  that 
  they 
  were 
  scratching 
  up 
  

   the 
  ground 
  along 
  the 
  margin 
  of 
  some 
  old 
  onion 
  beds 
  for 
  two 
  or 
  three 
  mornings 
  ; 
  after 
  

   that 
  I 
  raked 
  up 
  one 
  square 
  rod 
  with 
  the 
  garden 
  rake, 
  aud 
  by 
  this 
  time 
  the 
  fowls 
  under- 
  

   stood 
  the 
  business 
  well 
  enough 
  to 
  need 
  no 
  further 
  assistance 
  and 
  in 
  this 
  manner 
  went 
  

   over 
  the 
  central 
  plot. 
  

  

  This 
  spring 
  I 
  have 
  kept 
  close 
  watch, 
  but 
  not 
  to 
  exceed 
  a 
  dozen 
  young 
  insects 
  have 
  

   hatched. 
  Suffice 
  it 
  to 
  say 
  that 
  seven 
  domestic 
  fowls 
  in 
  about 
  three 
  weeks 
  have 
  en- 
  

   tirely 
  cleared 
  about 
  one-fourth 
  of 
  an 
  acre 
  of 
  as 
  thickly 
  nested 
  ground 
  as 
  Nebraska 
  

   ever 
  had. 
  

  

  No 
  eggs 
  are 
  kuown 
  to 
  have 
  hatched 
  in 
  the 
  fall 
  except 
  by 
  artiilicial 
  means. 
  

  

  The 
  young 
  insects 
  prefer 
  onions, 
  strawberry, 
  wheat, 
  oats, 
  and 
  barley. 
  The 
  old 
  

   ones 
  prefer 
  onions, 
  corn, 
  and 
  beyond 
  that 
  are 
  not 
  particular 
  as 
  to 
  diet. 
  Peas 
  and 
  

  

  