﻿APPENDIX 
  I. 
  IOWA 
  AND 
  DAKOTA 
  DATA. 
  1877. 
  [21] 
  

  

  Nevada, 
  Storey 
  County, 
  July 
  2, 
  1877. 
  

   You 
  will 
  pardon 
  me 
  for 
  volunteering 
  a 
  few 
  suggestions 
  <>n 
  the 
  locust 
  

   In 
  your 
  report 
  of 
  June 
  15 
  to 
  Governor 
  Garber, 
  of 
  Nebraska, 
  you 
  use 
  the 
  following 
  

   language, 
  which 
  appears 
  to 
  me 
  to 
  be 
  erroneous 
  : 
  " 
  Heretofore 
  iheawanna 
  moving 
  from 
  

   the 
  south 
  northward 
  toward 
  their 
  native 
  habitat 
  have 
  not, 
  bo 
  far 
  as 
  we 
  arc 
  aware, 
  

   done 
  any 
  injury 
  : 
  " 
  and 
  again, 
  " 
  Hence, 
  that 
  the 
  rare 
  must 
  run 
  out 
  here, 
  and 
  that 
  it 
  cau 
  

   only 
  be 
  continued 
  by 
  repeated 
  invasions 
  from 
  its 
  habitat 
  in 
  the 
  far 
  Northwest 
  or 
  Rocky 
  

   Mountain 
  region." 
  I 
  have 
  observed 
  the 
  locust 
  in 
  this 
  and 
  the 
  Rocky 
  Mountain 
  region 
  

   for 
  a 
  number 
  of 
  years, 
  and 
  have 
  come 
  to 
  the 
  conclusion, 
  partly 
  from 
  observation 
  and 
  

   partly 
  from 
  theory, 
  that 
  their 
  native 
  habitat 
  is 
  not 
  in 
  the 
  far 
  Northwest, 
  but 
  that 
  they 
  

   migrate 
  there 
  through 
  natural 
  causes 
  : 
  that 
  when 
  they 
  migrate 
  they 
  never 
  return 
  to 
  

   their 
  native 
  habitat, 
  which 
  is 
  in 
  a 
  warm, 
  dry 
  soil, 
  where 
  there 
  is 
  but 
  little 
  winter 
  and 
  

   Blight 
  rainfall. 
  They 
  are 
  very 
  sensitive 
  to 
  heat 
  and 
  cold, 
  and 
  therefore 
  when 
  the 
  full- 
  

   fledged 
  insect 
  gets 
  ready 
  to 
  migrate 
  the 
  warm 
  south 
  wind 
  invigorates 
  them 
  ; 
  they 
  rise 
  

   up 
  in 
  the 
  air 
  and 
  are 
  carried 
  north 
  until 
  they 
  reach 
  a 
  climate 
  which 
  is 
  not 
  congenial, 
  

   and 
  where 
  forage 
  is 
  scarce; 
  they 
  then, 
  or 
  their 
  progeny, 
  next 
  season 
  or 
  perhaps 
  both, 
  

   change 
  their 
  course 
  to 
  a 
  southeastern 
  direction. 
  Some 
  swarms 
  first 
  migrate 
  from 
  their 
  

   native 
  habitat 
  east 
  and 
  others 
  west, 
  but 
  I 
  ihink 
  by 
  far 
  the 
  most 
  migrate 
  in 
  a 
  northern 
  

   direction. 
  The 
  locusts 
  that 
  came 
  to 
  this 
  part 
  of 
  the 
  State 
  last 
  fall 
  (1576) 
  were 
  the 
  

   progeny 
  of 
  those 
  that 
  left 
  their 
  native 
  habitat 
  in 
  1375 
  and 
  are 
  now 
  becoming 
  extinct. 
  

   I 
  think 
  they 
  will 
  not 
  survive 
  the 
  present 
  season. 
  I 
  think 
  by 
  observation 
  it 
  can 
  be 
  

   known 
  whether 
  the 
  insect 
  is 
  in 
  its 
  native 
  habitat 
  or 
  not. 
  

  

  I 
  suggested 
  these 
  thoughts 
  in 
  a 
  communication 
  to 
  Professor 
  Rilev 
  last 
  winter. 
  

  

  'J. 
  S. 
  FRAZIER. 
  

  

  DATA 
  FOR 
  DAKOTA. 
  

  

  Sioux 
  Falls, 
  Lincoln 
  County, 
  May 
  21, 
  1877. 
  

   I 
  have 
  seen 
  a 
  willow 
  grove 
  in 
  Iowa 
  stripped 
  of 
  foliage 
  and 
  a 
  field 
  of 
  corn 
  adjoining 
  

   it 
  not 
  injured. 
  I 
  have 
  been 
  also 
  informed 
  by 
  reliable 
  parties 
  that 
  a 
  farmer 
  living 
  ad- 
  

   joining 
  some 
  timber 
  has 
  supplied 
  Canton 
  with 
  a 
  large 
  amount 
  of 
  garden 
  vegetables 
  

   during 
  fall 
  and 
  winter, 
  when 
  his 
  neighbors 
  had 
  not 
  enough 
  for 
  their 
  own 
  wants. 
  

   From 
  this 
  it 
  would 
  appear 
  that 
  if 
  we 
  had 
  a 
  larger 
  acreage 
  of 
  timber 
  our 
  crops 
  might 
  

   be 
  to 
  a 
  great 
  extent, 
  if 
  not 
  eutirelv, 
  saved 
  from 
  the 
  ravages 
  of 
  the 
  locusts. 
  

  

  B. 
  C. 
  JACOBS. 
  

  

  Wahpeton, 
  Richland 
  County, 
  June 
  27, 
  1877. 
  

  

  Question 
  4. 
  Commenced 
  hatching 
  about 
  May 
  10. 
  Most 
  numerously 
  hatching 
  about 
  

   May 
  25. 
  Still 
  hatching 
  in 
  moderate 
  numbers. 
  

  

  Question 
  6. 
  Uncertain, 
  very 
  small, 
  possibly 
  one 
  egg-cell 
  out 
  of 
  100 
  failed 
  ; 
  cause, 
  small 
  

   worm 
  entering 
  cell 
  and 
  devouring 
  eggs; 
  also 
  small 
  red 
  bug 
  doing 
  same 
  thing. 
  

  

  Question 
  7. 
  In 
  the 
  most 
  thoroughly 
  packed 
  sandy 
  soils. 
  

  

  Question 
  8. 
  Same 
  as 
  No. 
  7. 
  

  

  Question 
  11. 
  In 
  the 
  country, 
  up 
  to 
  present 
  time, 
  owing 
  to 
  splendid 
  growing 
  weather, 
  

   crops 
  have 
  kept 
  well 
  ahead 
  of 
  'hoppers, 
  until 
  within 
  the 
  past 
  week 
  their 
  ravages 
  are 
  

   showing 
  in 
  many 
  localities 
  : 
  a 
  very 
  few 
  fields 
  almost 
  ruined 
  in 
  past 
  few 
  days; 
  others 
  

   slightly; 
  many 
  not 
  at 
  all. 
  but 
  the 
  pest 
  is 
  increasing 
  so 
  rapidly 
  in 
  size, 
  number, 
  and 
  

   voracity 
  that 
  gravest 
  fears 
  are 
  felt. 
  

  

  Question 
  12. 
  Wheat, 
  because 
  it 
  is 
  the 
  principal 
  crop. 
  Pease 
  as 
  yet 
  have 
  escaped. 
  

  

  Question 
  13. 
  Pease, 
  for 
  the 
  reason 
  that 
  thus 
  far 
  they 
  have 
  protected 
  themselves. 
  

  

  Question 
  15. 
  Generally 
  south 
  and 
  southeast, 
  occasionally 
  in 
  opposite 
  directions. 
  

  

  Question 
  16. 
  The 
  sheet-iron 
  '"hopper 
  dozer" 
  at 
  lirst 
  with 
  strong 
  hopes 
  of 
  saving 
  

   crops, 
  but 
  when 
  ten 
  came 
  to 
  look 
  after 
  each 
  one 
  captured, 
  farmers 
  despaired 
  but 
  kept 
  

   using 
  the 
  machine 
  until 
  the 
  grain 
  was 
  too 
  high 
  and 
  the 
  Jhoppers 
  to 
  agile. 
  

  

  Question 
  1*. 
  The 
  sheet-iron 
  " 
  dozer," 
  as 
  described 
  in 
  Saiut 
  Paul 
  Pioneer 
  Press: 
  A 
  

   sfrip 
  of 
  sheet-iron, 
  12 
  or 
  14 
  feet 
  long, 
  turned 
  up 
  at 
  back 
  and 
  ends 
  or 
  8 
  inches, 
  in 
  front 
  

   linch; 
  the 
  pan 
  covered 
  with 
  tar, 
  kerosene, 
  soft-soap, 
  Sec, 
  the 
  whole 
  drawn 
  by 
  wires 
  

   or 
  cords. 
  

  

  Question 
  20. 
  In 
  1875 
  and 
  1876. 
  

  

  Question 
  21. 
  After 
  careful 
  observation 
  several 
  of 
  us 
  have 
  concluded 
  that 
  if 
  the 
  prairie 
  

   was 
  packed 
  seven 
  feet 
  deep 
  over 
  its 
  entire 
  surrace 
  with 
  grouse, 
  prairie 
  chickens, 
  and 
  do- 
  

   mestic 
  fowls, 
  and 
  they 
  could 
  get 
  no 
  other 
  food, 
  they 
  might 
  make 
  some 
  slight 
  impression 
  

   on 
  the 
  hordes. 
  In 
  1865 
  I 
  rode 
  113 
  miles 
  one 
  day 
  on 
  the 
  railroad 
  from 
  Wilmar, 
  Minn., 
  to 
  

   Breckenridge, 
  Minn. 
  ; 
  the 
  whole 
  distance 
  was 
  through 
  one 
  continuous 
  cloud 
  of 
  flying 
  

   'hoppers 
  filling 
  the 
  air 
  as 
  with 
  snow-flakes 
  as 
  far 
  above 
  the 
  earth 
  as 
  a 
  powerful 
  field- 
  

   >glass 
  could 
  distinguish 
  them 
  ; 
  how 
  much 
  farther 
  west 
  the 
  cloud 
  extended 
  is 
  unknown, 
  

  

  