i So 
THE TANGANYIKA PROBLEM. 
10-12 ; spines increasing in length to the sixth, which measures a little less than 
4 length of head and equals longest soft rays. Pectoral as long as head. V entral extend- 
ing a little beyond origin of anal. Anal III. 6-7 ; third spine longest, a little shorter 
than longest dorsal. Caudal with crescentic emargination. Caudal peduncle as long 
3 33 
as deep. Scales very finely denticulate on the edge, 33-34 — ; lat. 1, ; 
upper lateral line complete, extending to base of caudal. Pale brownish above, 
silvery beneath ; a series of five indistinct dark blotches on each side of the body ; 
spinous dorsal edged with brown above. 
Total length, 70 millirn. 
Described from two specimens from Kinyamkolo, and one from Mbity Rocks. 
Closely allied to Paratilapia pfefferi ; distinguished by the larger eye, the 
complete upper lateral line, the longer pectoral, and the more strongly emarginate 
caudal. Connects P. pfeffer-i with P. ventralis , which represents a more aberrant 
type. 
44. Paratilapia ventralis. — Blgr. 1898. (Fig., p. 203, lower.) 
Teeth very small, in two series in both jaws, the outer and larger tipped with 
brown. Depth of body, 2§ to 3 times in total length ; length of head, 3. Snout 
with curved upper profile, a little shorter than the eye, the diameter of which is 2?, 
to 2} times in length of head and exceeds interorbital width ; maxillary extending to 
below anterior fourth of eye ; two or three series of scales on the cheek ; large scales 
on the opercle. Gill-rakers rather long, lanceolate, 17 to 19 on lower part of 
anterior arch. Dorsal XII. -XIII. 13-14; spines increasing in length to the eighth 
or ninth, which measures nearly £ length of head and f or | longest soft rays. 
Pectoral a little longer than head. Ventral much produced, extending far beyond 
the origin of the anal, especially in the males, in which it may reach the end of the 
caudal. Anal III. 9-10; third spine longest, about § length of head ; middle soft 
rays produced, nearly as long as head. Caudal deeply emarginate, crescentic. 
Caudal peduncle 1 i as long as deep. 
45. Paratilapia dewindti. — Blgr. 1899. (Fig., p. 207, upper.) 
Teeth very small, in three or four series in both jaws, the outer scarcely larger 
and not tipped with brown. Depth of body equal to length of head, nearly 3 times 
in total length. Snout with curved upper profile, shorter than the eye, the diameter 
of which is 2* to 2| in length of head, and exceeds interorbital width ; maxillary 
extending to below anterior fourth of eye ; two or three series of scales on the 
cheek ; large scales on the opercle. Gill-rakers rather long, lanceolate, 17 or 18 on 
lower part of anterior arch. Dorsal XII. -XIII. 12-13; spines increasing in length 
to the eighth or ninth, which measures § or ^ length of head and $ longest soft rays. 
Pectoral a little shorter than head, extending as far as origin of anal. Ventral 
produced into a long filament extending beyond origin of anal. Anal III., 9 ; 
third spine longest, § length of head ; middle soft rays produced, as long as or a 
little shorter than head. Caudal deeply emarginate, crescentic. Caudal peduncle, 
4 2 9 — 3 ° • 
1 1 as long as deep. Scales finely denticulate on the edge, 37-38 — ; lat. I,y^— — ^ ’ 
upper lateral line not reaching base of caudal. Grey above, white beneath ; four 
