488 CHEMISTRY. 



and tartrate. The formula they give to the alkaloid is C 30 H 12 O 6 N» .— Ch. 

 Gaz. 324. 



New Alcohols. — Oahours and Hoffmann have discovered a new alcohol belong- 

 ing to a new series which they term the Acrylic series. By distilling glycerine 

 Redtenbacher obtained acroleine whieb with oxide of silver yields acrylic acid, 

 standiug therefore in the relation of aldehyde to acetic acid, the formulas being 

 C 6 H 4 O 2 and C 6 H 4 4 . Berthelot and DeLuca by acting on glycerine with 

 iodide of phosphorus obtained iodide of propylene (acryle) C 6 H 5 J, an analogue 

 of the chloride and bromide already known. The researches of Will and Wertheim 

 shewed a connection between acroleine compounds and the oils of mustard and 

 garlic, the latter being C s H 5 S, and tbe former O H 5 S, NS 2 , this same compound 

 has been obtained by Berthelot and De Luca, by the action of iodide of propylene 

 on eulphocyanide of potassium. Cahours and Hoffmann have now succeeded in 

 obtaining the alcohol of this series, C 6 H fi O 2 . 



By acting on oxalate of silver with iodide of acryl the oxalate of acryl is ob- 

 tained, this with ammonia gives oxamide and the alcohol, the latter with potassium 

 gives hydrogen and the potassium-acrylic-alcohol, this with the iodide gives the 

 ether, or with ethylic iodide the double ether; if the alcohol be distilled with 

 cbloride, bromide or iodide of phosphorus, the chloride, bromide or iodide is 

 obtained. A coupled sulphuric acid is also easily formed, also a compound 

 corresponding to xanthie acid. The following ethers have been prepared : 

 oxamate, carbonate, beuzoate, acetate and cyanate. This latter with ammonia 

 gives acrylic urea, corresponding to the long known sulphur-urea term of this 

 series, viz: thiosinnamine. With aniline a similar compound is generated. With 

 water or with solutionof potassa, the cyanate gives diacrylic urea or sinapoline, 

 in the latter case various volatile bases are also formed, viz: metliylamine, 

 propylamine and acrylamine. 



This new alcohol will therefore be the third term in a series represented by 

 the formula O H n 2 , while the ordinary alcohols are C" H n + 2 2 .— Ch. Gaz 

 824. 



Berthelot and De Luca in pursuiug their investigations above referred to, have 

 arrived at similar results, but do not appear to have obtained the alcohol. By 

 the action of sodium on the iodide they obtained acryl or allyl as they term it, 

 employing the old name originally proposed by Will and Wertheim. — Ch. Gaz. 325. 



Chlorides a?id Bromides of Organic Radicals. — Bechamp has obtained the 

 chlorides of cinnamyle, benzoyle, valeryle. butyryle, propionyle, and acetyle, 

 and the bromides of valeryle, butyryle and acetyle, almost in the quantity 

 indicated by theory, by distilling the monohydrated acids with the protochloride 

 or protobromide of phosphorus, in the proportions corresponding to the follow- 

 ing equation 2 RO, HO + P CI 3 = CI H+PO 3 , HO + 2 R CI 



The mixture is gently heated as long as hydrochloric acid is evolved, the 

 volatile chloride distilled off from the mixture, or if it separates asadistiuct 

 layer, it is decanted and rectified by itself. This plan is better as the phosphor- 

 ous acid is apt to evolve phosphuretted hydrogen towards the end of the dis- 

 tillation. The compounds whose boiliug points differ most from that of the 

 chloride or bromide of phosphorus, are most readily obtained. — Ch. Gaz. 325. 



Anisoic Acid — By the action of weak nitric acid upon oil of anise, Limpricht has 

 obtained a compound to which he gives the above name, and which seems to be 



