1901.] 



Till; MUSCLES OF THE CXGULATY. 



663 



met with among the Bovidsa and Cervidae, and which rises by its 



apex from the same point as the last muscle, but the diverging 

 fibres pun up instead of down. We hesitate to homologize thia 

 with .Man's corrugator supercilii because it La very superficial and 

 Lb not covered bv the orbicularis palpebrarum (see text-figs. 86 

 and 87). 



Text-fig. 87. 



Facial muscles of the Moulloii. 



1 Levator labii superior is. 



o' ■ Retractorea nari-. 



4. ZygomaticoB. 



."). Buccinator. 



li. Orbicularis oris. 



7. Depressor labii inferioris. 



8. Lacbrymalis. 



9. Rudimentary suborbital gland. 



10. Orbicularis palpebrarum. 



11. Frontalis. 



12 I 



i Z > Attrahens aurem superior. 



14. ,. ,, medius. 



15. „ „ inferior. 



16. Parotido-auricularis. 



17. Triangularis frontis. 



OeeipiUy-frontalis. — The frontalis portion of this muscle is always 

 feeble, and in horned animals is often suppressed ; the occipitalis. 

 on the other hand, rises from the occipital crest and, if looked for, 

 can usually be satisfactorily displayed. 



Depressor labii inferioris forms a single sheet, rising from the 

 mandible and being inserted into the lower lip. 



Muscles of the Ear. 



The most satisfactory method of describing these muscles seems 



to be to follow Watson's example, and to divide them, as he did in 



the Indian Elephant | XXX. I. into an anterior group of attrahentes, 



a superior of attollentes, and a posterior of retrahentes, A detailed 

 description of them in all the [Jugulates which have come under 

 our notice would need a special paper, hut we have satisfied our- 

 selves that they not only vary a good deal in different animals, hut 



in different specimens of the same animal. 



