1. 001.] XHB MUSCLES OF TUB UNGULATA. 001 



lu the Suidae (4. 7. 11, 12. 14) the inedius alone is present. 

 In our specimen of the Pig (11) the nerve passed entirely above 

 the muscle : but in the Peccary a small part of the muscle was 

 above the nerve. 



Bronn says, apparently on the authority of Bendz, that the 

 brevis and medius are present ; but from our experience we are 

 entirely unable to agree with this. In the Camel (18) Meckel 

 says that the muscle is inserted into the upper half of the humerus, 

 but whether the brevis is present or not we have no knowledge. 



In our Chevrotain (21) only the middle part was present ; but 

 Kinberg describes internal, middle, and external portions in his 

 (20); as these all seem to be inserted below the upper third of 

 the humerus, and none of them reach the lower extremity of the 

 bone, we presume thai they are component parts of the medius, 

 and it is possible that one of the separations was formed by the 

 nerve. 



In the Cervidae (25, 27. 2$) and BovidsB (33, 36, 38, 44. 43, 

 4-"), 49) we believe that the medius or medius and longus are the 

 only parts present, and that the medius is always pierced by the 

 nerve to the biceps. Bronn says that in the Ox and Sheep the 

 longus and brevis are present ; but apparently this generalization 

 is taken from other authors, and no details of the exact attach- 

 ments or the relations to the latissimus dorsi or nerve are given. 



In the Giraffe, Murie (XXXII.) and Joly and Lavocat (XII.) 

 describe a brevis and longus, but exact details are wanting. 



In the Tapir (50, 52, 54, 55) our specimen agrees with the 

 descriptions of three other observers, that the insertion is into the 

 lower three quarters of the humerus, that is to say that the 

 medius and longus are present. 



In the Horse, Bronn (VI.), Chauveau (II.), Lesbres (V.), and 

 Meckel (VII.) describe a brevis and medius between w! ich the 

 musculo-cutaneous nerve passes, and in Cuvier and Laurillard's 

 plate these two parts aie clearly shown in the Ass (I.). 



In the Rhinoceros (04). Haughton (XXI.) describes a medium 

 in-erted into the middle of the shaft of the humerus for three 

 inches ; but in Beddard and Treves's animal (G3) the longus was 

 alone present and was inserted just above the internal condyle. 



In the Hyrax (67, 08) tho medius alone was found (see text- 

 fig. 91 ), but in (71) there seems to have been a longus as well. 



Tu the Elephant (72, 74. 70. 77, 78, 79) the insertion extends 

 from the level of the attachment of the latissimus dorsi to the 

 internal condyle, so that, although the position of the nerve is not 

 given, it is pretty evident thai in this animal the medius and 

 longus are Hie two parts normally found. 



Brachialis antieus (flexor brevil eubiti). — In Ungulates only the 

 outer head of this muscle is present : ii rises from the back of 

 the surgical neck of the humerus, winds spirally round that bone, 

 and is inserted into one or both bones of the forearm a little below 

 lli«- inanition of the biceps. In all the animals in whjoh w«' care- 

 fully examined the insertion — PigO ' '• Peccary (1*4)^ Brockel (27), 



