1894.] MANICA, SOUTH-EAST AFRICA. 29 



obsolescence. This last-mentioned male has some other black 

 markings of the upperside considerably enlarged, and the middle 

 spot of the oblique median row of three in the fore wings is out of 

 line, being nearer to base than usual. Variation in the female 

 lies chiefly in ground-colour, -which in most examples is much 

 obscured with brownish-fuscous clouding from the bases to beyond 

 middle, but which exhibits much gradation, especially as regards 

 the red of the hind wings, which in one specimen is almost as 

 bright as in the male. The hind-marginal border on the upperside 

 is more or less diffused internally, and its enclosed spots quite 

 obsolescent in all the females. 



The two specimens (male and female) from the Revue Eiver are 

 a good deal larger (exp. 2 in. 8 lin.), with more elongated fore 

 wings ; their colouring is brighter and clearer, and all the black 

 markings, except the few spots on the fore wings, are reduced, 

 especially the spots and hind-marginal border of the hind wings, 

 which latter has no diffusion internally and all the ground-colour 

 spots it encloses quite distinct. On the underside of the hind 

 wings the dull lake-red colouring is much reduced, forming 

 internervular rays ; and on the back of the thorax and abdomen 

 the paired creamy and whitish spots are much larger and more 

 conspicuous. 



Mr. Selous was disposed to think that these larger brighter 

 individuals just mentioned belonged to a species distinct from 

 A. acrita, especially as they were found flying in forest tracts 

 among lofty trees, whereas the numerous examples of typical 

 acrita frequented open grassy hill-sides. But after very careful 

 examination it seems to me more probable that they represent a 

 seasonal (winter) form, having been captured in June, whereas all 

 the ordinary specimens of A. acrita were captured between Feb- 

 ruary 12th and March 18th. The male taken by Mr. Selous in 

 Mashunaland in 1883 (exact date not recorded), mentioned by me 

 loc. cit., belongs to this form, but is a little smaller. 



23. AcBjEA acara, Hewits. 



Acrcea acara, Hewits. Exot. Butt. iii. pi. 8. figs. 19, 20 (1865). 

 Six specimens of this species, from Christmas Pass, exhibit no 

 difference in either sex from typical Natalian examples \ 



24. Acr.ea encedon (Linn.). 



Papilio encedon, Linn. Mus. Lud. Ulr. Reg. p. 244. n. 63 

 (1764). 



There are only two examples of this widely-spread Ethiopian 



1 I described (P. Z. S. 1891, p. 72) a single female taken in Bhanda, near 

 the Upper Cunene River, presenting the aberration of a wide suffusion and 

 coalescence of the black markings of the fore wings. This was the only example 

 of A. acara in Mr. Eriksson's first colled ion from S.W. Tropical Africa; but 

 in a second collection, made in the same region between the 15th November, 

 1890, and the 1st March, 1891, out of a series of eight males and three females 

 captured in three localities between the Cunene and the Ondonga Road, five 



