1900.] 



SOFT ANATOMT OF THE MUSK-OX. 



149 



measured, the diameter of the left sac is 21, and that of the right 

 27 cm. These measurements have of course only value for a com- 

 parison of the size of both sacs. The distribution of the exterior 

 farrows and interior muscular ridges of the paunch seems, on the 

 whole, to agree with the same in Ovis. Thus the paunch of Ovibos 

 and Ovis, and especially its left sac, is less specialized than in Bos, 

 but more so than in Capreolus. The papillae in the paunch of Ovi- 

 bos (fig. 4, p. 148) are flattened, more or less broadly tongue-shaped, 

 and cover the whole interior surface except the muscular ridges. 

 Their size varies from 5-15 mm. in length, and from 2 to 4 (in 

 average 2|-3) in breadth. Three cm. from the cardia these papillae 

 measure about 8 mm. in length by 2 in breadth ; at the posterior 

 end of the left sac near the "hintere Hauptpf eiler " their length 

 rises to 11 mm., and on the area between the spleen and the 

 reticulum, as well as in the adjacent part of the reticulum, they 

 are still longer, 12-15 mm. The shape of the papillae is not 

 different from those of Capreolus, Ovis, Gapra, &c. It has 

 already been hinted that a portion of the reticulum is provided 

 with tongue-like papillae. This area passes gradually into 

 the normally reticulated portion. The papillae become partly 

 confluent and form more or less lobated walls disposed like the 

 ridges of the typical reticulum, and at the same time the papillae 

 in the interspaces between these walls are greatly reduced in size. 

 The origin of the ridges of reticulum, as well as that of the small 

 papillae in the meshes, can thus be plainly seen. The cells of the 

 reticulum of Ovibos (fig. 5) are in the fundus about 2 cm., or a little 



Fig. 5. 



Cells of the reticulum of the Musk-ox. 



more, ill diameter, but towards the sides they are smaller, lg-lcm. 

 in diameter. At the " Schlundrinne " the cells on one side are 

 very small, only h cm. in diameter ; on the other there are no cells, 

 only longitudinal folds. The surrounding ridges of the typical cells 



