16 



lijiviiij; ii Viiluc |iiiiiM>iiiMH:il«' l<i ilic iitiKiimt nf citili pn-sinl li «ill !*• mfii 

 liiiwi'vtT, tli:it tlic iivi-ni;^' of till- fXiHTiiiiciit.sal IS liuiitv is less lliiui .V.) ,iiinl tliiH 

 shows tliiil soiiiL'tiiiiif; I'Isc is |iifM'iit wlii. li tiinls Ik lowci llii- viiliU' of tin- siKtifir 

 rotutory [)<)\ver. TIid iill>iiiiu;ii(>iils wliicli mv: Iil-M in fttlntion Imvir U-«-!» luoxr- 

 taiiiiMl l>y iiitru^cn lUtt-niiiiiiitinns to liiive iin iivcnig« vftl\ic of — 4(/', and it in 

 owiiii; to llii'ir [iri-si'Mcc lli:il tlio s|Mvilii; Kitiitoiy |m>\vit is so low iw it is. Tin* 

 composition of tlie licjnid in cxpciinicnt <>. lor cxarnplf, will ilhislr.iti' tliis more 

 clciirly. KX) c c. of tlio solntion (ontaiiind l.tUKO ^nim «li-xtrow, 0.723 j?mm 

 dextrin, untl 0.914 of iillinnu-noids (oilcMil.itcd liy inulti|ilyinji Ilic nitrogen found 

 liy (t.'.i). 'I'liis y;ivi's 11 (om|)0<ilion in 10) pirtj* — 



Dextras« .50 \v'r «•cut. 



Dextrin 21.7 



Alhinnenoids 27.4 



JOOd 



The ol)8erved s[)Ccific rotatory |M)wer wiis (]C>'^.4. The ealenl;it4>«l spocific 

 rotatory jMtwer was uhtainod in the following wiiy — 



(..WQ X r^9) f (.217 v 210) + (274 X — 40) = :10.0:U 4(;.,S72 — UlW 



= cry '»4. 

 'I'hc iMleulated nniiilHT thus a;.;ri'i's verv well with tlic oliserved nnmlK-r nnd wc 

 may, therefore, <a.«snme ll;u s|M;cilic rotatory |Hiwcr of tlie alhinnenoids t« Iw 

 expres.sed hy the nnmlier — 40"*. 



Taking tlie series of ex|)0rinient8 which liisted for '^ honiK we find that tlic 

 nvorage sjiecific rotatory power is Oft". 3, alioiit 10*^ liiglier than that of pure 

 dextro.se ; tlie average s|K'cific rotatory [xiwer of those at 12 hours is r»4'^.n. alKiut 

 .')'^ higher than th.it of dextrosi', anil that of the exiK-riinent« at 18 hour» bT^ G, 

 alwint 1".4 lower tli;in that of pure dextro.-^e. This diminution occurs Uhvius«' the 

 amount of alhumenoids in solntion is greater when the s|Kx;ific rotiitiiry jHiwer i« 

 less, their left handed rotation partially neutralizing the ri^ht handed rot^ition of 

 the dextrin and di-xtros*'. I'ut wiiy is it that the amount of alhumenoidH is 

 greater whi'ii the treatment with water is longer eontiinied i-* Themost proUihlo 

 explanation is tlcit as tin- alhnmenoi<1s exist in the koji, they an' not entirely 

 soluhle ; a |Mirtion is already soluhle in watt-r, but the n-st is only hrought intn 

 solntion liy the action of the water it,self. and |MTliaps also, through the agency 

 of the alhuuu'iioids at Hi>t dissolved. It is in fact a chemiciil re.iction which 

 takes time for itji completion, ami pmlmhly, if sufficient time were allowed, the 

 whole of the iiitrog 'lions matter ot' the rice wouM Ih; degrailed and lirought into 

 solution. This is a jKiint of iiii|iorlanee to hn;wer» of sake, for we shall see that 

 the |)ow<T which the koji |R>sses.se8 of transfonning ria- into dextrose, cn|nhlo of 

 undergoing all oholir leni.en(alion. is due lo ih«- pn"s<iitv of tlies<Mill"nmenoid8 in 

 Folntion. 



