CS 



|.. JJ.") &c. rillte XIX rIiows tili- nrninsi'iiUMit of rusk» uikI livaliii-^ i»|>|inr<»tits al 

 wDrk. " The liwit neiiemtor consist« tif :— 



1 '. ft centriil fire Imx F in tlie tonn cf n trnnnitcd rone ; llie liri- (•ccii|iie(« 

 tili- lower pirf. Till- fuel is introdiiccil i\1 first tliroiit;h llii- side (iiH-niiiK I', nii<l 

 wliti» tlio n|>]>aratiis is at work, tlirotigli tlio small door V inndc in the chiinwv. 

 A n'jjister moderates the draught. 



•2 '. a water Imtli W which occupies the wliole of the iiittrval between the 

 (ire liox and tiie outer cylinder, v is a elcarinjj coek. AU»ve the Uitli is a 

 reservoir o|K'n to the air, constantly fnll of water, separate«! from the water linth 

 hy niiivns of a horizontal partition, and emnmiinicatin'^' with it hy a valve n 

 attached to a lever. The lever itself is connecte<\ with tlie sfojicock v l»y menn« 

 of a chain ; when from any accidental cuubc tlic teniix'rature of the Ijftth rise« t(»o 

 high, the vapour escaiK« through n, the water enters ami the liath is brought l>ark 

 to the normal teinjK'ratnre and is fed at the same time. If. for any reason, th<- 

 apparvtus has to l>e stojiiR-d for any time and the temfxTature of the liath rises 

 too much, the same result is attained by opening the stopcock r which raise« the 

 valve 0, the cold water which is always kept in the open reservoir enters the liatli 

 and cools it. 



:r^ ft worm >•<. through which the wine tlows ; thifrconsiht« of 4<) small copper 

 tulies, 4 millimetres in internal diameter, which ojten at one end at the mouth 

 N, at the other at K, after having miulc nearly two tiirns in the water Ixith. 

 The cooler UR is formed rif a very large |>i|«' surrounding the heat-generator, 

 containing inside 40 small i«nillel tuUs » , 4 millimetres in diameter, like tliow 

 within the bath. They open at one end into a liox H, in which a thermometer 

 ilips to indicate the temperature, ftnd at the fipposite end of the wide ttd»c into a 

 cavity, R. 



When in iiction the wine flows in the following way through thcapixiratus. 

 The cold wine enters by the tnl« a into R in the wide glaml which fonns the 

 cooler, circulates on the outside of the small tnl)es in RR, and leaves at N' by a 

 tidx- passing at once into the heat-genenitor : traverses th«; 4<) tulies «« of the 

 api>ar.itus, leaves it at K and enters the ctwler by the tnlie /, flows through the 

 40 small tubes «V (cooled by the newly arrived cold winel an<l finally leave« the 

 heating apparatus by the tul« e. Plate XIX presents a jxTsin-ctive view of the 

 complete apparatus and the mode of using it. It is repn-sentetl by Rat the 

 ojiening of the cellar ; it is borne iqwD a Ixirrow and may l>e moved by one man ; 

 an air pump A, also supported upon a Ixirrow, is use«! to compress the air in the 

 upper jxirt of the c.isk T, the wine contained in which is to l>e lieated ; a pi|ie 

 inserted in the lower jart of the cask brings the wine to <• in the heating 

 api«nitu8 15 ; another piin; S condnctii tlie lieate«! wine into an empty ca^k T'. 



To set the whole at work the water l«th is tilled, tlie wine is forced into tlie 

 apiiaratns by working the pump; and when the water i« liot enough, tlie stop- 

 cock S is slightly oiK-ned : the therinomete-r rises; when it reaches W, for 

 example, the stopcock is opened more, and then only is the wine receive«! into the 



