FRANK HAMILTON GUSHING 



Frank Hamilton ('ashing died at his residence in Washington, D. C, on April 

 10, 1900. From his boyhood he had been the friend and student of the Amer- 

 ican Indian. In 1875, when only IS years of age, he was commissioned by Pro- 

 fessor Baird, Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, to make collections for 

 the National Museum. The years of 1879-1885 he lived among the Zuni Indians 

 of New Mexico, he learned their language and traditions, and was initiated 

 into their esoteric priesthood and elected their war chief. Thus he was able to 

 learn the character of Indian .secret societies. Mr Gushing discovered the ruins 

 of the Seven Cities of Cibola in 1881, a(nd later conducted excavations among 

 them and the great buried cities of southern Arizona. In 1895 he discovered 

 extensive remains of a sea-dwelling iwople on the gulf coast of Florida, and tlie 

 following year led an exi)edition thither. At the time of his death he was jiromi- 

 nently connected with the Bureau of American Ethnology. He was the author 

 of numerous monographs and papers on the myths and customs of the Zuni 

 and the prehistoric races of New Mexico, Arizona, and the Southern States. 



GEOGRAPHIC LITERATURE 



The International Geography. By seventy authors. Edited by Hugh Rol>eit 

 Mill. Svo, pp. 20 + 1088, with 488 illustrations. New York : D. Appleton 

 & Co. 1900. ?3.00. 



This book is a terse aud comprehensive description of the earth and of the 

 various countiies of which it is com|jo.sed. It is divided into several parts, of 

 which the first relates to the earth as a whole, with chapters on principles and 

 progress of geography, mathematical geography, maps, plan of the earth, nature 

 and origin of land forms, the ocean, atmosphere and climate, the distribution 

 of life, and political and ap{)lied geographj'. Succeeding parts are devoted to 

 descriptions of continents and countries. These, as well as the chapters of 

 Part I, were written by diftereut authorities, and the result, owing doubtle-ss 

 to excellent planning and able editing, is fairly uniform. Here and there the 

 personality or bias of a writer appears, but not often or obtrusively. 



The apportionment of space among the various countries is very well arranged : 

 To the United States are assigned 04 pages, to Canada 25, to Great Britain 59, 

 to France 22, and to Germany 32. The list of authors includes such names as 

 Bryce, on Natal, the Transvaal, and Orange Free State; Chisholm, on Europe 

 and China; Davis, on North America and the United States ; Keane, Keltic, 

 La,pparent, Markham, Murray, Nansen, and Penck. 



The descriptions of countries are brief, succinct, and encyclopedic in form, 

 though not in arrangement, and each is followed l)y tables giving summary 

 statistics of areas, i)opulation, and industries. As a book of reference this work 

 is of great value. 



