BY CAPTAIN F, W. BUTTON. 433 



west end of the range, it is about 40° W.N.W., so that an anti- 

 clinal axis runs through the Sealy Range under Huddleston Peak. 

 In the Moorehouse Range, near Nicolo Point, the dip is 30° 

 W.N.W., so that the rocks of the eastern face of that range are 

 younger than those of Sealy Range. In the southern spur of 

 Mount Cook the dip appears to be 30° N.E. and, according to Mr. 

 Green, all the lower spurs east of Mount Cook have an easterly 

 dip. The rocks forming the peak of Mount Cook, however, dip 

 30° to the westward (I.e. p. 8), so that the anticlinal axis of the 

 Sealy Range appears to run up the lower part of the Hooker 

 Glacier and passes to the east of Mount Cook, between the peak 

 and Hochstetter Ridge. 



The mountains rise abruptly out of the flat river valleys, and 

 during heavy rains large quantities of angular shingle are brought 

 down the gullies and form " talus fans " like those of the Upper 

 Indus, so well described by Mr. Drew.* These fans on the sides 

 of the mountains rest at angles of 30° to 35", but where they 

 spread out in the valley they flatten to 15°, 



The rocks forming the mountains show no signs of ice having 

 ever occupied the Lower Hooker Valley, and if it had not been 

 for the old lateral moraines, which are found high up the hills on 

 either side of the Tasman, and the old terminal moraine which 

 extends some distance below Lake Pukaki, we should never have 

 surmised that these glaciers had had such an enormous extension 

 at some former period. 



The Mueller Glacier. 



The main snowfield of the Mueller Glacier lies between the 

 Sealy and Moorhouse Ranges, and, with the upper part of the 

 glacier, covers an area of about ten or twelve square miles. This 

 forms a kind of basin from which the glacier escapes by an 

 opening at the north-west corner rather less than a mile broad, 



* " Quar. Jour. Geol. Soc. of London," Vol. XXIX. (1873), p. 444. 



