436 NOTES ON THE MUELLER GLACIER, NEW ZEALAND, 



of vegetation, which follows the older one all round. The surface 

 of the ice at present may be about 50 to 100 feet lower than 

 this second moraine. 



The southern lateral moraine is about half a mile long, and 

 forms what is known as White-horse Hill, at the base of which the 

 Hermitage stands. The outer portion is covered with bush and 

 its form is not well seen except by getting a bird's-eye view 

 from one of the talus-fans of Huddleston's Peak. It is then seen 

 to consist of the remains of four, more or less concentric, lateral 

 moraines rising successively in altitude from the outermost and 

 oldest, which is perhaps 200 feet high, to the innermost which 

 corresponds to the older northern moraine and attains a height of 

 500 feet above the lower Hooker Valley at the Hermitage 

 (see fig. 4). All these four moraines are covered with vegetation, 

 but inside the highest is a newer and almost bare moraine at a 

 much lower level and corresponding to the inner and newer 

 northern moraine. I was informed by Mr. Nicolo Badove — who 

 owned and lived at Birch-hill Station several years before Dr. 

 Haast visited the district in 1862 — that when he first came the 

 glacier was up to this newer moraine. It it is now perhaps 

 50 to 100 feet below it. 



The outer and older moraines of White-horse Hill do not reach 

 up to the Sealy Range, but are separated from it by two small 

 valleys with a still older lateral moraine between them, running 

 S.E. and N.W.,the valley between the moraine and the mountains 

 being known as Moko Valley. This oldest moraine forms part of 

 a system of which Mogo Hill, presently to be mentioned, was the 

 terminal moraine. 



The Mueller Glacier, at present, forms no terminal moraine, for 

 the Hooker River carries all the debris away. But lower down in 

 the valley, bending round in the usual way, may be seen two old 

 terminal moraines, about 150 yards apart, and corresponding with, 

 or rather passing into, the two inner lateral moraines. These 

 terminal moraines are not large nor high. Still lower down the 

 valley is Mogo Hill, rising about 100 feet above the plain and 



