BY THE REV. J. E. TENISON-WOODS. 575 



antiquities were neglected and abandoned. There can I e little 

 doubt that they i-efer to the time when the kings of Majapahit 

 were more or less acknowledged by the whole of Java. Java 

 and Buli have both proved rich in manuscripts which give an 

 account of this empire and its history. This explains fully why 

 it is that the central parts of the island are so rich in antiquities. 

 It was the centre of population and government, and in these 

 regions most of all the arts and such science as they had, and 

 religion were cultivated. These histories are only records of 

 wars, usurpations, miracles, and battles, much as our history was 

 at the same date. We may certainly conclude that a nation so 

 cultivated in the arts as to produce these buildings and statuaiy 

 would not have been much behind such civilisation as the world 

 then possessed. 



Near Malang there are many other ruins, such as Kedal, about 

 7 miles, and Jagu, 4 miles, in a south-easterly direction. In 

 Kedal there are the remains of a beautiful temple, and at Jagu 

 one of the largest in this part of the country, but it is utterly in 

 ruins. There are only the remains of three stone terraces rising 

 one above another. It was evidently much more elaborately 

 carved than any except Borobodor, to be described subsequently. 

 The ornaments were much in the same style. There were many 

 bas-reliefs, representing battles and sacrifices, besides other 

 carvings, throwing great light on the mannei's and customs of this 

 most interesting people. 



Altogether there is plenty for tourists to see around Malang, 

 and, indeed, plenty to employ antiquaries and scholai^s. The 

 great difficulty one experiences is to find out where these 

 curiosities are. The people of the neighbourhood know little about 

 them. Many of the Dutch could not give us the least information. 

 Of course, in such a remote place a guide-book is out of the 

 question. And as for the expensive works of Raffles, Horsfield, 

 or Junghuhn, they are very difficult to obtain. A traveller avIio 

 wishes to see everything should read, and even carry with him, 

 the second edition of " Raffles' History of Java " (Murray, 



