136 



former. With respect to the latter, .it must not be confused 



1 И 

 with the intonation in [ptiia..] , which cannot be considered as 



merely a modification of the compound tone, but must rather 

 be taken as a third independent type (compound), which, how- 

 ever, is limited, I think, to interrogative or emphatic words 

 ending in long a. Here there is first a sudden downward leap, 

 and then a chromatic rise during the long a, but in [a--t\, the 

 beginning is a chromatically falling lone to be followed by a 

 sudden upward leap. 



Thus a change of tone often takes place during the pro- 

 nunciation of a long sound, and this change is chromatic, not 

 sudden. But changes of tone from syllable to syllable seem 

 to take place in sudden leaps. 



In words of three svUables, the first compound intonation 

 1 I' 1 

 is the normal one [fäsane]; each syllable has its own pitch, 



the first high, the second low, the third high and generally 

 higher than the first. There is no chromatic slur between 

 these tone-movements. When it is seen how closely this in- 

 tonation is associated with the formations of three syllables, it 

 is tempting to consider its appearance in some few dissyllabic 

 and monosyllabic words as evidence of their having originally 

 consisted of three syllables. — The simple, rising tone belongs 

 especially to dissyllabic words. 



Among polysyllabic words, there are many where the syl- 

 lables fall into pairs, each pair having the first intonation 



I 1 L U "1 



[anis-dri'iidtit] ; in others, this arrangement is broken by the 

 appearance of the compound intonation; of course the tendency 

 of the language to the formation of compounds causes a con- 

 tinual conflict between these two musical formations. 



Psychological motives may also come into play in a 

 high degree. Deviations from natural intonation are pet means 

 of producing oratorical eflects; by this means, questions, 

 concessions, ironical insinuations etc. may be thrown into 

 relief. 



