CHEAP AND DURABLE STRUCTURES. 2 1 «5 



Fig. 9' Joists in which the mortices are cut, seen flat. 



10. The same, with the side and bottom seen. 



11. A mould put together, in which are seen all the parts 



above mentioned, and a small rope. 



12. The rammer (or pisoir) for ramming the earth in the 



mould. 



13. The same, seen on its side. 



For the construction of the mould, take several planks, each Description of 

 ten feet long, wf light wood, in order that the mould may be *^^^ '^°"^^' 

 easy to handle. Deal is the best. Let them be ploughed and 

 tongued, or jointed close, and planed on both sides of these 

 planks, fastened together with four strong ledges or battens on 

 each side : the mould must be made two feet nine inches in 

 height; and two handles should be fixed on each side. See 

 Fig. 1. and 2. The head of the mould, which serves to form 

 the angle of the building, must be made of two pieces join- 

 ed at the sides ; its breadth eighteen inches, and height 

 three feet. See Fig, 3. and 4., where it will be remarked 

 that this part of the mould diminishes gradually to the top, in 

 order that the wall may be made to diminish in the same 

 degree. 



All the boards should be full an inch thick. The wedges — and its seve- 

 must be an inch thick, and from eight to twelve inches long, ^^ ^^^ ^' 

 ajiid the gauge. Fig. 6. must be cut in length equal to the wall 

 you intend to erect. 



The posts are to exceed the height of the mould by eighteen 

 inches. They must therefore be about five feet high, including 

 their tenons (whicb should be six inches long) and three by 

 four inches thick. 



The joists may be three feet six inches long, three inches 

 and a half broad, and three inches thick. On the broad part 

 must be made the two mortices (as marked Fig. 9-) ten inches 

 and a half long, and full an inch wide, and at each end three 

 inches and a half beyond the mortices ; so that the interval be- 

 tween them will be fourteen inches. 



For a lurther explanation, an elevation of the whole machine 

 is annexed, Fig. 11.; and the following is a list of the several 

 parts, in the same order that the workmen must follow when 

 they erect the mould. 



Elexa- 



