216 - BEAN. 



that spread in earlier times over Africa, Asia and Europe and filled the 

 "long barrows" of Britain. The Iberian of America is above the average 

 in stature, very dark haired and darlc eyed, and dolichoceplialic, and the 

 type api^ears in 16 per cent of the boys and 18 per cent of the girls. 



The third primary tj'pe is that of the Celt of Broca, the Middle 

 European, Elietian, Celto-Slav, Ligurian or Celto-Ligurian of certain 

 anthropologists, the Homo alpinus of others. The name Alpine is 

 used in the present article. The physical characteristics are medium 

 height, moderate pigmentation (brown hair and eyes), and brachy- 

 cephaly, and the type is found in 10 per cent of the boys and in 10 per 

 cent of the girls. 



These three types represent three primary elements in the population 

 of Europe and are believed by many to be the three primitive white 

 stocks, but there is an additional type, which, with its two secondary 

 types, is distinct and characteristic of a large element of the American 

 population. This is the broadheaded Saxon of Beddoe, and the Oriental 

 or eastern European of Deniker. The present inliabitants of north- 

 eastern Europe and middle western Asia conform to this type, which is 

 above medium height, has fair hair and eyes and is brachycephalic, 

 occurring in 9 per cent of the boys and in 9 per cent of the girls. It 

 is hereafter referred to in this article as Saxon. 



The two secondary types closely associated f)hysically with the Saxon 

 are the Celtic and Vistulian, the former being like an extreme Saxon in 

 large proportions, the latter resembling the same type in the opposite 

 direction, being the smallest physically of all the types. In Great 

 Britain the Celt (PI. II) is the muscular, tawny gaint of history, the 

 Kelt of English writers, the prehistoric man of the "round barrows," 

 with a height exceeding that of the Northern type, which is noted for 

 this feature, a cephalic index greater than that of any other, and very 

 fair hair and light eyes. This type occurs in 2 per cent of the boys and 

 2 per cent of the girls. 



The Vistulian is Deniker's type of that name, so called from its 

 ajDparent predominance along the Vistula Eiver. This type is very 

 short in stature, has fair hair and light eyes, is mesocephalic, and is 

 found in 4 per cent of the boys and 4 per cent of the girls. 



These three types, Saxon, Celtic and Vistulian, may be variations of 

 one original, but there are distinctions such as height, cephalic index, 

 class standing, etc., that render them clearly separate and diiierent at 

 the present time. 



The two remaining secondary types, the Littoral and Adriatic, bear 

 the same relation to the Iberian and the Alpine respectively as the 

 Celtic bears to the Saxon, and one might select from the Iberian and 

 Alpine each a type bearing the same relation to them that the Vistulian 



