A THEORY OF HEREDITY. 217 



bears to the Saxon. In like manner, the Northern type might be sub- 

 divided into three — an extremely large, an extremely small, and an 

 intermediate one. Each of the four primary types would then be 

 resolved into three, but the distinctions are slight in all except the Celtic, 

 Vistulian, Littoral, and Adriatic, and these four last named are described 

 and located in Europe in the recent work of Deniker, so there is justifica- 

 tion in the grouping given above. Whatever may be said in regard to 

 the secondary types, no just objection can be made to the four primary 

 ones. 



The Littoral type (PI. Ill) corresponds closely with the "Mediter- 

 ranean Eace" of Houze, the Cro-Magnon of some authors, and the 

 Littoral or Atlanto-Mediterranean of Deniker, and usually appears in 

 Europe not more than 120 to 150 miles from the coast. The type is 

 very tall, has very dark hair and eyes, is mesocephalic, and occurs in 

 3 per cent of the boys and 5 per cent of the girls. 



The final secondary type is Deniker's Adriatic or Dinaric, tall, dark 

 and brachycephalic, and it may belong to the Lorraine race of Collignon. 

 It is present in only 2 per cent of the boys and not at all among the girls. 



The blended types are apparently mixtures of two or more of the 

 primary or secondary ones. Blend No. 1, or Celt-Iberian (PL IV), 

 which is above the average in height, has the largest chest of all, intensely 

 black hair, light blue or gray eyes, and is mesocephalic. This is present 

 in 8 per cent of the boys and in 3 per cent of the girls, representing a 

 well known so-called "Irish" element in America, biit found there also 

 in other than the Irish population. It is probably a blend of the prim- 

 itive Iberian of the "long barrows" in the British Isles and the later 

 arrivals, or Celts, of the "round barrows." 



The individuals of Blend No. 2, or Northern-Iberian, are very tall 

 with dark hair and light eyes (the latter often green) and are extremely 

 dolichocephalic, with a cephalic index lower than any other t3rpe. This 

 is probably a blend of the Iberian and Northern type, and occurs in 

 5.5 per cent of the boys and in none of the girls. 



The third blended type, Blend No. 3, is probably largely Alpine 

 with an admixture of Northern, and might be called Northern-Alpine. 

 It is of medium height, mesocephalic, with light brown eyes and blonde 

 hair, and is found in 4 per cent of the boys and in 3 per cent of the girls. 



Blend No. 4, is very rare and is largely Iberian, or Saxon-Iberian. 

 It is below medium height, has dark hair and light eyes, is brachyce- 

 phalic, and occurs in 1 per cent of the boys and 4 per cent of the girls. 



Blend No. 5 is a conglomerate with a preponderance of Saxon elements, 

 but also with evidences of Iberian, Northern and Alpine and may be 

 considered a composite American type, toward which all others tend. It 

 is of medium height or slightly taller, with light brown or sandy liair. 



