LIFE HISTORIES OF PHILIPPINE CASSIDID^. 



265 



segment has two medial spots. All spots are arranged in longitu- 

 dinal rows. Stigmata white and of moderate length. The larvffi of 

 A. miliaris Fabr., when feeding, place themselves in a single row 

 close together along the margin of the leaf; however, when resting, 

 they form an oval figure all heads being directed toward the center. 

 (PI. II.) The exuvise are carried perpendicularly to the body. The 

 habit of pasting the particles of excrement on the exuvise is still 

 indicated in this species, as the larva puts its filaments very loosely 

 on the last exuviae, but these filaments fall off at the slightest motion 

 of the larva. The full grown larva, about two days before it pupates, 

 fastens itself upon the leaf with a glutinous substance generally head 

 downwards. Only the fifth larval skin remains on the pupa. During 

 the pupal stage, as in the larval, the individuals remain in groups. 

 (PI. IV.) 



LIFE HISTOEY. 



Eggs laid 

 Eggs hatched 

 First molt 

 Second molt 



1907. 

 November 5 

 November 15 

 November 17 

 November 21 



Third molt 

 Fourth molt 

 Pupated 

 Adults emerged 



1907. 

 November 24 

 November 28 

 December 8 

 December 13 



Pupa (PI. Ill, fig. 4) : Yellowish-ochraceous, two black spots at the 

 posterior margin of the pronotum and two antemedial spots on each of 

 the first and second abdominal segments. The pronotum of the pupa is 

 about twice as broad as long; marginal area semitransparent and with 

 four short, dark brown hooks in front. The spines on the first to the 

 fifth abdominal segments of the larva are developed in the pupa into 

 flat, semitransparent leaflets -prolonged laterally into a black spine. All 

 other spines of the larval stage are absent in the pupal. Stigmata of 

 moderate length. The food plants of A. miliaris Pabr. are Calonyction 

 bona-nox Boyer, Ipomcea triloba L., and Ipomcea pes-caprcE (L.) Eoth. 



Adults: The adults of A. miliaris Fabr. (PI. VI, figs. 6-9) are 

 extremely variable, with reference to coloring. Fig. 6 represents the 

 most common form. The direction in which the change of coloring 

 takes place is as follows : the- black spots become enlarged and connected 

 by longitudinal or transverse bars. (PL VI, figs. 7 and 8.) The varia- 

 tion shown in fig. 9 is a rare form. In this the central portions of 

 the elytra are entirely black. Whether or not these variations are due 

 ,to seasonal dimorphism must be left for further research. 



I have noticed instances of very peculiar behavior on the part of all species 

 which were closely observed. In the act of copulation, the female puts the fore 

 and middle legs close together, attempting by strong, sidewise motions to shake 

 the male off. It appears that by doing so, this female coquetry has the contrary 

 result, and it suggests seduction on her part. "Gum finis est licitus, etiatn media 

 sunt licita." 



