THE BBNGUET IGOROTS. 453 



and the upper arm is longer and the hand shorter. No. 3 presents 

 relations of body parts similar to the protomorphs. The body length 

 is only 7.4 times the total head height, and the greater part of the latter 

 is in the lower face. The arm is considerably longer than that of the 

 European, the body is also longer, while the iimbilicus is notably lower 

 in this type. The chief characteristics of No. 83 are long body, short 

 legs and short upper Jiead height. The characters which the three 

 Igorots have in common and in which they are different from the canon 

 . of Pritsch are long bodies, short legs, long arms, short necks, long_ lower 

 head height, and short upper head height. The tall Igorot is most like a 

 white man in all these characters and the small Igorot is least like him. 



Wlren a typical Igorot (No. 52) is compared with Mei'kel's normal 

 woman's figure (57) it is noticed that there is no great disparity between 

 the two. (Fig. 10.) The neck and the upjDer head of the woman are 

 longer than those of the Igorot, while the body and legs of the Igorot are 

 slightly longer than those of the woman. The abdomen (waist) of the 

 woman is longer, the umbilicus higher than in the Igorot. 



There may be then, three or more types of Igorots, representing three 

 or more fundamentally different groups of mankind, and these three 

 have fused in part and remained separate in part. An average individual 

 Igorot resembles in fonir the woman of Europe, and represents a proto- 

 morph of the nature folk. 



Consider the average Igorot stature, leg length, and arm length in 

 relation to the classification of Stratz, and some incongruity is apparent. 

 The average relative arm length of the xanthoderm and of the Igorot is 

 44.0, while that of the protomorph is 47.2. The average relative length 

 of the leg is 51.6 for the Igorot, 53.0 for the protomorph, and 46.4 for 

 the xanthoderm. The Igorot arm is short, like that of the xanthoderm, 

 and the Igorot leg is long, like that of the protomorph. This indicates 

 that the Igorot has elements of both the protomorph and the xanthoderm 

 if we accept Stratz's classification, or if not, it at least indicates a rela- 

 tionship between the Igorot, the protomorph, and the xanthoderm. 

 Similar elementary characters enter into the composition of each people. 

 Stratz's classification may be misleading in that his types are too simple, 

 yet do not represent fundamental units of structure, but they may be 

 useful in showing general relationships that exist at present. The 

 xanthoderm, represented by the Chinese and Japanese, is more nearly 

 like the group of Igorots that resemble the European, and the resem- 

 blance of Igorot to xanthoderm may be dvie to a European mixture in 

 each. On the other hand the reason for the resemblance of the Igorots 

 and the protomorph may be that each has the same fundamental type 

 represented in its make up. The Igoi'ots that resemble the protomorph 

 are those which are most like the Negrito. Here may lie the secret of 

 the whole matter. The Negrito or pigmy forms the substratum of the 

 East, on which are engrafted in devious ways and varying proportions 



