THE BENGUET IGOROTS. 



461 



The aeeompaujdng diagram illus- 

 trates mj' ideas in several ways. 

 (Fig. 13.) 



Point 1 is Avhere the two types meet. 

 Between this and point 2 there is true 

 Mendelian heredity. At point 2 blending 

 begins, and continues afterwards. From 

 point 1 to point 3, spurious Mendelian 

 heredity exists, because the blend conti- 

 nually crosses with the other types 

 and creates endless confusion. Between 

 points 3 and 4, no Mendelian heredity 

 is found, but two tendencies exist, the 

 persistence of type and the tendency to 

 fuse. The diagram shows at a glance 

 the relative number of each type at any 

 given time. 



In order to appl}' this scheme to 

 the Igorot it is necessary to consider 

 that three elementary species have 

 united. First the Iberian and the 

 Negrito blended and were in the 

 condition of no Mendelism repre- 

 sented by type A or by the Senoi; 

 then they were joined by type M, 

 which was also in the condition of no 

 Mendelism, resulting from the fusion 

 of the Bavarian and the Negrito. 

 The fusion of types M and A was in 

 ]jrogTess when the Negrito was again 

 encountered since the arrival of the 

 Igorots in the Philippines. The 

 mingling of the types was probably fig. 13.- 

 more frequent than I have repre- 

 sented it, the crossings and recrossings more complex, and o\it of the 

 moil of men through ages is evolved the Igorot. 



A definition of elementary species which is of interest in tliis connection has 

 recently been given by Spillman(55). This author illustrates eleai'ly by a field 

 of corn that each elementary species is "merely a cross section of a real variable 

 species, and that the major part of variation is accounted for simply as a result 

 of the I'ecombination in each generation of Mendelian characters, each of which 

 may vary between wide extremes, just as a species varies under the Darwinian 

 theory of evolution. Under this view, a so-called elementary species is simply 

 a completely homozygous form, which necessarily reproduces itself Avith absolute 

 fidelity (my perfect blend ).^ The results secured by a breeder of so-called 

 elementary species are a necessary result of Mendelian behavior of Darwinian 

 characters." 



Scheme to supplement my theory 

 of heredity. 



' Inserted by the author. 



78322- 



