• 492 



SMITH. 



picturesque. The country rock is a basalt of more compact grain than 

 at the other waterfall. The road runs into a very loose, black soil of sand 

 and volcanic ash at a short distance beyond the bridge and continues in 

 this formation to Malabang. This deposit of ash, at some distant date, 

 issued from the now extinct Buldung craters. The most notable feature 

 at Malabang is the line of cold springs issuing from the volcanic ash 

 formation. 



We next proceeded by trail from Malabang to Parang. Apparently 

 all the country rock at Parang consists of basalt with well-developed 

 columnar structure about 500 meters above the pumping station at the 

 military post. Just south of the town the basalt sheet suddenly ends 

 and sedimentaries, including coal measures, ajjpear. Carbonaceous shales 

 and certain fossiliferous beds indicative of coal deposits are here found, 

 although no coal has as yet been opened up. 



THE COTABATO REGION*. 



The country from Parang to Cotabato is rolling and but scantily 

 timbered. The country rock consists of shales and soft sandstones dip- 

 ping southward, that is, toward Cotabato. There are several small lakes 

 in this region which are noteworthy, because of the great profusion of 

 large, pink lotus and the abundance of ducks. 



The difference between the topography in this region and that around 

 Malabang is due to the absence of the lava capping which becomes thin 

 just to the south of Parang. Whereas the streams in the lava country 



have a cross section like the 



following 



figure 



(fig. 2), those in the 



Fig. 2. 



country to the southward beyond tliis sheet have more flaring sides to 

 their valleys as is shown in fig. 3. 



Fig. 3. 



