504 GOODMAN. 



The route was begun at Bincauigan and carried up the Tagum and 

 Sahug Eivers across the divide to the Agusan Eiver^ then down the latter 

 to Talacogon. 



Our facilities for tliis sort of work were extremely small. We had no means 

 of obtaining with any degree of acciiracy the speed and therefore, the distance 

 traveled. We carried one pocket aneroid and one hypsometer. Unfortunately 

 the former was accidently broken on the fourth day out, so that we had to estimate 

 all altitudes, cheeking them when opportunity offered with the hypsometer and 

 vertical angles taken with a Brunton Pocket Transit. However, I should say 

 that considering the disadvantages under which we worked our combined estimates 

 checked surprisingly well with whatever more or less reliable data we could obtain. 



We carried a chronometer and transit for the purpose of determining the geo- 

 graphical position of various points on our route, but the rate of the chronometer 

 and some other essential notes were irredeemably lost when Mr. Ickis was murdered, 

 so that these checks are now impossible. 



The Tagum River is navigable for launches from Bincungan as far 

 as the barrio of Biaksabangan. The river narrows down from about 

 90 meters at the former place to approximately 60 at the latter, and its 

 banks, which are about 3 meters above high-water level, are partly cul- 

 tivated in hemp. 



Biaksabangan is the junction point of the two main rivers, which go to form 

 the Tagum. The western branch, the Libagano, rises on the south flank of the 

 Panamboyan range and flows southeast towards Biaksabangan. Very little is 

 known in regard to the valley of this river, but it is supposed to be entirely uncul- 

 tivated and to be inhabited by Atas and other savage tribes. 



We left the launch at Biaksabangan, and continued our journey up 

 the Sahug Eiver in a banca. This stream is about 30 meters wide at its 

 mouth, and flows in a tortuous course through banks elevated about 5 

 meters above the water level. These consist of a brown and blue 

 clay soil, overlying sandstone. The beds are practically horizontal with 

 the exception of minor folds of very limited extent. 



The people are long-haired Mandayas, and are engaged for the most 

 part in the cultivation of small patches of hemp, for which their sandy 

 clay soil seems to be well adapted. 



The first stop on the Sahug was at the barrio of Kambanguy. 

 Men to row us further up the stream were secured with great difSculty, 

 and only after the headman of the village provided the party with men 

 armed with spears and shields. The river is only about 15 meters wide 

 at this place and continues to grow narrower up to the barrio of Kalili- 

 dan, about i kilometers up the stream. The banks rapidly become 

 more thinly populated, and the cultivation grows proportionately thinner. 



We observed dark, boggy, deposits, consisting largely of leaves, twigs, 

 and branches at numerous places along the stream. These deposits were 

 0.6 to 1.3 meters thick, and some at least showed distinct planes of sedi- 

 mentation. They were plainly of quite recent deposition, and further 

 convinced us of the fact that this region is one of recent elevation. 



