204 REPOET 4, UNITED STATES ENTOMOLOGICAL COMMISSSON. 



For tbe purpose of watering, the nozzle is held in one hand and the 

 spring lever depressed by the other, so as to produce the release of the 

 packing and the escape of the water. The water being thrown out with 

 certain force, impinges on the front packing of the lever, which stands 

 at a certain angle with the direction of the water and causes thereby 

 the deviation from its course and its spreading into a broader sheet. 

 The water is thrown to a greater or less distance from the spout as the 

 lever is opened more or less.'' 



In case the discharge-crack clogs, it can be suddenly sprung wide 

 open and the obstructing particles as quickly washed away. It should 

 also be observed that the packing projects to serve as a deflector and 

 thus make the spray thinner. Somewhat similar to this are the three 

 following styles : 



Plate XVIII, Fig. 1, shows a modified plan of nozzle which was made 

 by Mr. Williams, of Selma, Ala., and used on his pump noticed further on. 

 The water-pipe, <x, opens into a chamber formed of a can- screw, c, upon a 

 saucer-shaped base, s. These are soldered together only in the region 

 marked x. From this to s is an open crack out of which a sheet of wa- 

 ter is thrown and spread still more thinly by striking the upwardly in- 

 clined rim, s. The iDressure of the water inside tends to force said crack 

 open wider, but it is set and held at any width desired by the thumb-nut, 

 on a bolt which perforates the base and has its head soldered to the 

 cap above. When the nut is removed, the caj) bearing the bolt can be 

 unscrewed and taken off, leaving the top open for removing clogging 

 materials from within ; but generally the crack will clear itself if the 

 thumb-screw is loosened a little to let it gape somewhat wider for an in- 

 stant. 



Mr. Ruhmann caveated two nozzles shown in Plate XVIII, Figs. 4 and 

 5, combining principles already seen in the two just described. Each 

 consists of a spout, a, with its diagonally cut end covered by a plate, j», 

 which is partly soldered fast, as at x, and partly free, the free part be- 

 ing adjustable to and from the end to, open or close the intervening 

 crack, s, whence the liquid is ejected. In Fig. 4 this adjustment is by 

 the thumb-screw, t^ working through the stiff arm, h, and having on its 

 point a knob-like expansion inside of a discoid elevation seen on the 

 plate, jp, enabling the plate to be pulled from or pressed toward the spout 

 by working the screw for changing the size of the spray and allowing 

 soM accumulations to wash out. In Fig. 5 is a different arrangement 

 for the same purposes. Here the plate, ^;, has attached to it the lever, &, 

 passing loosely through the fnlcrum,/, and operated by a person's fin- 

 ger upon the end, &, while it is capable of being set close or wide by the 

 thumb-screw, t, working against the spring, r. 



Mr. F. T. Pinter, of Schulenburg, Tex., has recently sent to the Agri- 

 cultural Department a nozzle very similar to those just described. The 

 flexible half of the plate is a separate piece and only attached to the 

 other half by a small piece of spring metal across the center of the 



