DEFLECTOR NOZZLES. 207 



which are not thrown so far as the median part. For throwing poison 

 sohition ni^ward, especially into trees, this may be preferable ; but for 

 throwing it horizontally broadcast, less direct distance and greater width 

 with more perfect outer margins are needed. There are nozzles for our pur- 

 poses that thin the middle of the s])ray by a median i)rominence of the 

 plate, and there are others which do not thin the middle but contract 

 the margins by turning up the sides of the i)late ; but these two features 

 should be combined in one and the same plate and should run together 

 by a regular undulation. Such a plate may have various adjustments, 

 many of which are shown in the patterns to be described. 



In some of the styles to be noticed it will be seen that it has been 

 the aim to use with a solid jet pipe a deflector so adjusted that it may 

 be set entirely out of the way of the jet, and, in some cases, to give a 

 variable pitch to spray it strongly or slightly as desired. 



The following are some of the forms of deflectors used : Those in 

 Plate XIX, Fi£S. 1, 2, and 3, I employed chiefly for spreading the large 

 air-blast jets of powder-poison blown from pipes about 3 inches in 

 diameter. The deflector plates, ^9, shown in these figures, stand at a vari- 

 able angle of about 45^ from a vertical and the end of the horizontal 

 spout, «, is cut at an inverse angle of 45^. 



Fig. 3 represents one consisting of the spout, a, and an angle-plate 

 deflector, j>, attached below, at ^, and above by the rod, s. At/ is an 

 incision with the corners bent outward to divide the jet into two lateral 

 fan-shaped sprays, projecting them in nearly opposite directions into two 

 rows from a single spout ending between them and near the ground. 



Another pattern presented in Fig. 2 produces similar efl'ects on the jet. 

 Its median part,/, is bent up into a high fold which is closed at the lower 

 end and soldered into slits, at it?, cut above and below in the extremity 

 of the spout, a. The upper part of the fold, /, should be closed for a 

 continuous spray, but to divide the one into two it may be opened some- 

 what. The lower angles, v v, are curved to direct upward and thi(!ken 

 the outer margins of the spraj^ 



The latter feature is more strongly i^roduced in the similarlj^ con- 

 structed nozzle appearing in Fig. 1 which condenses the sides of the 

 spray still more and works equally well. 



In order to get an even fan-shaped spray without ragged thin borders 

 the contracting of the outer margins by bending the outer edges of the 

 plate upward is as important as the thinning of the median portion of 

 the spray by elevating the middle of the plate, and these two features 

 appear in combination with each other in some of the deflectors below. 

 There are three other patterns by which it is easy to make these of 

 sheet metal. 



One of them is shown in Plate XX, Fig. 4. The plate, p, has its me 

 dian part elevated at/, while the lateral margins, /i, are curved over. 



In Fig. 3 the peculiarity consists in having the distal end of the plate, 

 2?, not cut straight across but, with an angular piece cut out, fish-tall- 



