210 



the tluid is occasioned about the orifice of the pipe or about the sprink- 

 ler." The waste which falls as drip from other uozzles is thrown to 

 some distance in the direction of the spray, which, is certainly more 

 agreeable to the operator. 



In Mr. Ruhmann's improved atomizer, Plate XXII, Figs. 2 and i5, we 

 see one of the oddest nozzles of this class ; b represents a cone held by 

 a rod, c, to the pipe, a, in such position that the axis of the tube and cone 

 have the same direction, while the apex of the latter is at the center of 

 the solid jet, which spreads equally over the surface of the cone and 

 the more expanded basal rim, beyond which it is projected as a hollow 

 cone-shaped spray of equal density on all sides. These cone-deflectors 

 can be used in broadcast sprinkling. 



A very simple uozzle of this group is the one in Plate XXII, Fig. 1, 

 which pertains to Mr. Binkley's machine, described hereafter. It con- 

 sists of a jet tube, d, squirting against the flat inclined plate, e. In his 

 machine a row of these is arranged on a cross-pipe at just such distances 

 apart that the margins of their sprays meet so all combine to sprinkle a 

 broad strix) including several rows. 



Mr. John Schier, of Ellinger, Tex., has invented some compound noz- 

 zles of this class, as shown in Plate XXII, Figs. 4, 5, and 6. In these, 

 three or four jet-tubes from the same source are made to radiate from 

 each other and strike a semicircular or circular deflector-plate at such 

 angles that the margins of all the sprays coalesce to form one which is 

 very broad and may be semicircular or circular in outline. The details 

 of these need to be noticed more particularly. Hisearlier form of three-jet 

 nozzle and its mode of attachment is given in Fig. 4, and at Fig. 5 is the 

 same with the deflection- plate disconnected so as to show its adjustment. 

 The nozzles, ccc, are connected with the conducting pipe, a, by means of a 

 nut, 6, and throw the liquid onto a distributing plate, d, of brass, backed 

 and strengthened by an outer layer of tin. This plate is secured in 

 place by means of a screw soldered beneath the nozzles, running through 

 a tube connected with, and rendered firm by, a bow, e, soldered at each 

 end to the outer layer of the plate. The screw issuing from this tube 

 receives a nut J while still greater security is given to the plate by a 

 projection, a, beneath which fits onto a tube attached to the nozzle-piece. 

 In this form his three-jet nozzle is attachable to any ordinary hose-pipe. 



In 1879 (No. 221617) Mr. Schier patented a three-jet sprinkler difler- 

 ing somewhat from that just described. One modification of it appears 

 in Plate XXIII, Fig. 1, where ^ indicates the rim which is semicircular 

 and mounted on a U-shaped piece, ^6, the ends of which slide through 

 the loops, iiy on the vertical part of the incurrent tube, a, from which the 

 whole is detachable by drawing the U-bars out from their loops. Above 

 this the knob-shaped nozzle chamber is inserted separably by a screw 

 joint, X. The upper part of this can act as a reacting air-chamber or be 

 closed oft' by a cross-septum just above the three jet tubes, j/)j, and thus 

 serve only as a knob whereby it may be unscrewed. Like the preced- 



