OSCILLATING BLOWERS OF FLUIDS. 245 



effect, aud the chamber may have only p\d.ne aud angular conformatioii, 

 or can possess certain irregularly or regularly curved contours. 



An allied aud very simple form of atomizer-nozzle, which is only of 

 value with blasts, consists of a blast-tube with its discharge end closed 

 completely, and having one or two discharges through its side at a short 

 distance from the closed end, as shown in Plate XXXI, Fig. 6. The air 

 in the short cavity of the tube between the outlet and the closed end acts 

 as an elastic cushion, and there takes place a rebounding and rotary ac- 

 tion of the blast, whence atomizing^ results. With the agitation-cham- 

 bers the blast dashes, spreads, and grinds the poison against the inner 

 surface of the chamber. Thus they disintegrate, mix, and diffuse anj 

 lumpy accumulations of powder poison or masses of liquid that enter 

 them, and the greater the blast force the finer will the powder or spray 

 be discharged. 



This introduction of agitation-chambers in atomizers for diffusing or 

 mixing the materials just before they are discharged, and emitting them 

 thus mixed aud in a state of iutense agitation, is due to myself, and I 

 make them in many different shapes. The activity within is of a rever- 

 beratory character, generally arisiug by internal deflection, causing 

 vibration, collision, intercepting, or whirling of currents. The spray 

 may be discharged from the chamber in any direction or at any angle 

 desired, aud an atomized spray at right angles from the end of a pipe 

 is just what has been needed to make both practical and economic the 

 process of poisoning the nether surfaces of crops. 



Prior to these the atomizing was done on the j)rinciple of a blast blow- 

 ing the emitting liquid immediately from the discharge of a pipe supply- 

 ing the liquid and thereby producing atomized spray. The terminal 

 portions of the blast-pipe and the liquid supply-pipe stand approaching 

 each other at an angle, or either may surround the other. Although an 

 immense number of atomizers for surgical aud other purposes have beea 

 patented, the above principle characterizes them all. In patent Ko. 

 173194 Mr. W. Y. Wallace claimed a device for catching and returning 

 to a receptacle the drip, which flows in considerate amount as waste 

 from these atomizers. 



Mr. Thomas Woodason, of Chicago, 111., is manufacturing an ordinary 

 atomizer represented in Plate XXXII, Fig. 4. The can, jp, contains the 

 poison. The bellows, v, has its spout soldered to the top of the can, and 

 discharges across the end of the tube, p. As a result the rareficatioa 

 produced in the ascending tube enables the atmospheric pressure in the 

 can to cause the liquid to rise through the tube, and from its top the 

 atomized spray is blown. This is one of the simplest atomizers to con- 

 struct, and it makes a fair spray. It is a small hand instrument t© 

 produce a single spray in directions not deviating greatly from the 

 horizontal. Its feeding principle by*blast suction will not work satis- 

 factorily except for a very shallow body of liquid ; hence the reservoir is 

 necessarily small, and must be filled very often. The first part of the 

 blast is wasted in producing a vacuity, and some poison is lost as drip. 



