CONDUITS, PORTAGE, ETC. 285 



ijelow. As compared with the Johnson machine with its pump motor 

 discarded, these exhibit nothing new of much vahie. They differ es- 

 pecially in the kinds of nozzles employed, but all use nozzles of old 

 type. 



The machine of Mr. 0. 0. Jones, of MassiUon, Ala,, is represented in 

 Plate LIl. In its arrangement we find one of W. & B. Douglas's 

 force-pumps fixed to a post at one corner of the reservoir. The pump 

 sucks the jioisoned liquid from the bottom c»f a large square tank and 

 delivers it through the main and cross pipe, which extends 25 feet wide 

 and has short tubular branches bearing nozzles, that discharge the liquid, 

 40 feet wide, from above and behind the tank. This receptacle is of large 

 size, possessing a contents of 250 gallons. That amount of poison it ap- 

 plies over five or six acres. The weight, of course, is too great for rnpid 

 driving, and six mules are used in the field. It also engages much 

 human Jabor, requiring four men, one to drive, one to use a stirrer in 

 the vat to keep the poison diffused, and two to take turns at pumping. 

 The poisoning is accomplished at a great expenditure of labor, and the 

 method is in no way economical. It is a good example of the old method 

 of broadcast spraying, and shows well the possibility for the spraj^ to 

 blow upon the operators in machines of this type. The pump costs 

 $22, and the rest of the apparatus costs about $50. It is cumbrous and 

 not economic. The illustration given above is from a photograph. On 

 this and some notes made by Mr. W. H. Patton, the above statements 

 are based. 



What is said of the two following machines is taken from Professor 

 Kiley's Bulletin on the Cotton Worm : 



''The BinMey Atomizer. — This sprinkler, invented but not patented 

 by Mr. J. K. Binkley, of Columbus, Tex., and herewith illustrated, is 

 one of the simplest and yet one of the best in use. [Fig. 5 of Plate LIVJ 

 represents it in operation with a part of the pump. This pump is the 

 usual double-acting force-pump secured to the top of a barrel contain- 

 ing the liquid. The letter a represents the pump cj^linder, h the air 

 chamber, and c a transverse tin pijDe connected with the discharge i>ipe 

 of the pump and having four of the atomizing nozzles. [Fig. 1 of Plate 

 XXII] shows a side view of the atomizer on a somewhat larger scale. A 

 conical tin piece, d, is soldered to the pipe c, having at its end an orifice 

 much larger than the fine perforations of the i)revious machines de- 

 scribed. A circular tin plate, 6, is soldered to the lower side of the cone, 

 d, so that the jet of water, issuing with great force from the orifice, 

 strikes the plate at an obtuse angle and is scattered in very fine and 

 far-reaching spray. The large orifice permits smaller objects to be 

 thrown out with the jet, larger objects being i)revented by a strainer 

 from entering the pump, while by a slight bending of the distributing- 

 plate, so as to bring it at more acute angles with the nozzle, the spray 

 may be thrown more and more upward. The whole machine is very 

 light and simple and easily made by any tinsmith at comparatively 



