288 REPORT 4, UNITED STATES ENTOMOLOGICAL COMMISSION. 



iu the machiues of Johnson, Goodin (Plate LIY, Figs. 3 and 4), 

 Daughtrey (Pkite XXXVI), and others, but in the special details of 

 this pipe system some few features of interest appear. Aside from the 

 extension of the nozzle branches to near the ground, there is the ro- 

 tary joint, fc, allowing the laterally-extending main arms to be folded 

 backwards, and thus to narrow the apparatus for passing through gates, 

 «&c., while the whole system of pipes can be tilted up by the operation 

 of a lever to allow all to be carried above stumps or in turning. 



l^ew Machine and improved Accessories for Underspraying Cotton. — In 

 this connection should be noticed some machinery specially devised 

 and perfected for applying the poison from below and above. The 

 general plan of the machine is in accordance with Professor Eiley's 

 ideas and instructions, but many of the details have been devised and 

 wrought out by myself in carrying on the work. The description of 

 the machine has already appeared as advance matter from this report 

 in the annual report of the United States Entomologist for 1881-'82. 

 It may first be described as represented in Plate XL VI, and the acces- 

 sories in Plates XLVII, XLIX, and XLYI should be considered in 

 conoection with it, as also the results of some exijeriments made since 

 this was written, ^^ 



This machine is transported by combination with a wagon or cart or 

 other suitable vehicle, and consists of a skid, bearing a barrel or other 

 poison receptacle, the force-pump and stirrer operated therein, the hose- 

 pil3e leading from the pump-spout and communica.ting with the several 

 branched pipes which terminate in nozzles carried or trailed beneath 

 the plants to deliver the poison spray upward onto the under surfaces of 

 the foliage. 



The skid is a simple frame to hold the horizontal barrel from rolling, 

 and consists of two pieces. Fig. 1, a a, of wood, about the length of the 

 barrel, and in section about 3 by 4 inches, joined parallel apart from 

 each other by two cleats, h b. The inner, upper angles may be cut to 

 match the curve of the barrel, as at c c. The barrel being placed upon 

 this frame is next to be filled. 



A good device for mixing the poison thoroughly with the water and 

 for filling the barrel is shown iu section in Fig. 2. It consists of a 

 large funnel, u^ that will hold a bucketful, and has cylindrical sides, g g^ 

 that rest conformant on the barrel. In this is a gauze or finely-perfo- 

 rated diaphragm, or septum, ^Z, and a funnel-shaped base, t #, with its 

 spout, ^, inserted through the bung. The Paris green or other pow- 

 der is to be put in the funnel and to be washed through the fine perfo- 

 rations, by the water which is poured or pumped in through it into the 

 barrel, k. Thus no lumps of poison can enter, and the grains of poison 

 being thoroughly wet and separated remain better suspended in the res- 

 ervoir. Where flour or other adhesive material or diluent of the powder 

 is to be used such ingredients should be washed in first and the poison 

 afterwards. A one-half inch discharge-spout delivers volume enough 

 for an eight-row machine like the one before us. 



