MANIPULATORS, ETC. 313 



the inside of the rows of plants between which the machine passes. To 

 obviate this drawDack, Mr. Ewing suggests the attaching to each side 

 of the frame another light frame of wire rods or cane, reaching above 

 the tops of the plants, thence down again to near the ground, and there 

 carrying a canvas which is likewise smeared with tar. 



" Two other machines, though originally intended for clearing potato- 

 vines of their insect enemies, deserve notice here. 



The Wood- Smith Tray Stceeper. — " The first of these was patented by 

 Messrs. G. W. Wood and Charles H. Smith, of Faribault, Minn., in No. 

 214478 (1B79), and consists of an apparatus mounted on wheels, which 

 is drawn between the rows of plants, and by suitably shaped wings 

 gathers the plants into a bunch and shakes them, thereby shaking off 

 the hirva3 into a receptacle from which they cannot escape. The parts 

 of the apparatus are adjustable to suit the height of the plants. 



^' In Plate LIX Fig. 6 is a plan of the apparatus j Fig. 8 is a longi- 

 tudinal section at the line, x x ; Fig. 7 is a cross-section at the Ime, 



yy- 



" Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts, a a are vertical stand- 

 ards, connected together by a cross-bar, &, at their upper ends, c c are wheels 

 mounted on short axles fitted in the boxes, d, at the lower ends of standards, a. 



" The standards a are at such a distance apart tha't the wheels, c, will run between 

 the rows of plants and two rows of plants be between the wheels. 



" The cross-bar, 6, is made in two pieces, as shown^ connected together by screws, so 

 that the bar can be adjusted according to the width of the rows e e are wings, one 

 at each side of the apparatus. The forward ends of the wings {;re attached to the 

 standards, a, and their rear ends are connected together at the center line of the ma- 

 chine. These wings, e, are of suitable width, and they are attached with their edges 

 vertical at the forward end, and are twisted so as to lie flat where they are connected 

 together at the rear end. /is a pau-sbaped receptacle, attached by arms, g, to a bar, 

 Ji, that is suspended from bar, &, midway between the wheels, c. i is a vertical rod 

 rising from the rear end of the receptacle, /, and passing through a hole in the ends 

 of wings, e. 



" The upper end of rod, i, is provided with a handle, Jc, by which the rear end of the 

 machine may be managed. There are holes in rod, i, into which pins, I I, may be in- 

 serted to retain the rear ends of the wings, e, at the desired height, according to the 

 growth of the plants. The strips, m, that form the sides of the receptacle,/, are piv- 

 oted by x>ins, n, at one end, so that the receptacle can be made wider or the reverse, 

 according to the width of the rows. 



*'At the inner side of the wings, e, and projecting over the receptacle, are flappers, o o, 

 hinged at ^9. Each of these flappers has a rod, <?, passing through the wing that the flap- 

 per is hinged to, and connected with a crank-lever, r, hung at the outside of the wing. 

 « is a lever fnlcrumed at the forward end of the wing in such position that one end of , 

 the lever is acted upon by the teeth, t, attached to the inner side of the wheel, c. The 

 other end of the lever is connected by a strap, u, that passes beneath a roller, v, to a 

 rod, IV, that is attached to crank-lever, x ; y is a spring connected to lever, n, and to 

 the wing, e. The teeth, t, depress the lever, s, and draw up(Vn the crank-lever, r, and 

 spring, y, and draw the flapper outward ; but as soon as the lever, s, clears the tooth 

 the flax)per springs out quickly. The arrangement is the same on both flappers, o, 

 and by that means a series of rapid blows are given upon plants gathered by the 

 wings. 



"A horse is to be attached to the whiffletiee, a', that is hung on bar, h. The horse 

 will walk between the rows of plants that are to be operated upon by the apparatus, 



