﻿RESEARCH 
  ON 
  THE 
  GOLD 
  COAST, 
  IS 
  

  

  Thus 
  when 
  we 
  compare 
  the 
  rainfall 
  and 
  humidity 
  in 
  1911 
  of 
  Kwitta 
  on 
  the 
  coast, 
  

   Coomassie 
  in 
  the 
  forest 
  belt, 
  and 
  Gambaga 
  in 
  the 
  extreme 
  north-east, 
  we 
  get 
  the 
  

   following 
  figures 
  : 
  Kwitta, 
  18 
  inches 
  of 
  rain 
  with 
  a 
  relative 
  humidity 
  of 
  80 
  ; 
  Coomassie, 
  

   70 
  inches 
  and 
  86 
  ; 
  and 
  Gambaga, 
  38 
  inches 
  and 
  63 
  respectively. 
  

  

  The 
  general 
  humidity 
  decreases 
  from 
  Axim 
  northwards 
  ; 
  at 
  Kintampo 
  at 
  the 
  edge 
  

   of 
  the 
  forest 
  this 
  is 
  very 
  marked, 
  while 
  further 
  north 
  in 
  the 
  savannah 
  region 
  it 
  is 
  

   much 
  more 
  so. 
  The 
  difference 
  between 
  the 
  relative 
  humidity 
  in 
  the 
  wet 
  and 
  dry 
  

   seasons 
  is 
  much 
  more 
  marked 
  in 
  the 
  northern 
  parts 
  ; 
  e.g., 
  in 
  Axim 
  in 
  January 
  and 
  

   September, 
  1910, 
  the 
  figures 
  were 
  87 
  and 
  93, 
  while 
  in 
  Tamale, 
  in 
  January 
  and 
  

   August 
  of 
  the 
  same 
  year 
  the 
  figures 
  were 
  31 
  and 
  80 
  ; 
  the 
  difference 
  in 
  the 
  former 
  

   was 
  only 
  6, 
  while 
  in 
  the 
  latter 
  it 
  was 
  49. 
  

  

  Thus 
  we 
  see 
  that 
  in 
  temperature, 
  rainfall 
  and 
  relative 
  humidity 
  the 
  Northern 
  

   Territories 
  show 
  the 
  extremes 
  of 
  a 
  continental 
  tropical 
  climate, 
  and 
  are 
  very 
  

   comparable 
  with 
  the 
  parts 
  of 
  Northern 
  Nigeria 
  in 
  the 
  same 
  latitude. 
  

  

  III. 
  Narrative. 
  

   (l.) 
  Accra 
  to 
  Lome 
  (via 
  Akuse). 
  

  

  Accra, 
  the 
  capital 
  of 
  the 
  Gold 
  Coast, 
  is 
  situated 
  a 
  few 
  miles 
  west 
  of 
  the 
  meridian 
  

   of 
  Greenwich 
  and 
  about 
  335 
  miles 
  north 
  of 
  the 
  Equator. 
  The 
  country 
  around 
  is 
  

   level 
  for 
  some 
  miles, 
  and 
  almost 
  completely 
  denuded 
  of 
  vegetation. 
  Here 
  and 
  there 
  

   one 
  sees 
  clumps 
  of 
  low 
  bush, 
  but 
  of 
  limited 
  extent, 
  and 
  the 
  whole 
  area 
  is 
  extremely 
  

   dry. 
  The 
  rainfall 
  is 
  low, 
  and 
  the 
  heat 
  during 
  the 
  dry 
  season 
  is 
  intense. 
  Until 
  

   recently 
  mosquitos 
  were 
  very 
  troublesome, 
  but 
  owing 
  to 
  the 
  efforts 
  of 
  the 
  

   Sanitary 
  Department, 
  this 
  nuisance 
  is 
  now 
  very 
  much 
  in 
  abeyance. 
  During 
  the 
  

   rains, 
  however, 
  and 
  to 
  a 
  less 
  extent 
  in 
  the 
  dry 
  season, 
  the 
  following 
  species 
  have 
  

   been 
  caught: 
  — 
  Aedimorphus 
  punctothoracis, 
  Ochlerotatus 
  irritans, 
  0. 
  minutus, 
  

   0. 
  nigricephalus, 
  Culex 
  decens, 
  C. 
  grahami, 
  C. 
  guiarti, 
  C. 
  invidiosus, 
  C. 
  ornalothoracis, 
  

   0. 
  quasigelidus, 
  C. 
  thalassius, 
  C. 
  tigripes 
  var. 
  fuscus, 
  C. 
  fatigans, 
  Guliciomyia 
  

   nebulosa, 
  Mansonioides 
  uniformis, 
  Stegomyia 
  fasciata 
  and 
  Uranotaenia 
  mashonaensis. 
  

   The 
  number 
  of 
  individuals 
  found 
  is, 
  however, 
  not 
  nearly 
  so 
  great 
  as 
  this 
  formidable 
  

   list 
  would 
  suggest. 
  

  

  Until 
  very 
  recently 
  Accra 
  was 
  regarded 
  as 
  an 
  area 
  free 
  from 
  tsetse, 
  where 
  ponies 
  

   could 
  be 
  kept 
  without 
  fear 
  of 
  trypanosomiasis, 
  but 
  within 
  the 
  last 
  few 
  years 
  both 
  

   Glossina 
  palpalis 
  and 
  G. 
  longipalpis 
  have 
  been 
  captured, 
  and 
  more 
  than 
  one 
  pony 
  

   has 
  suffered 
  from 
  this 
  disease. 
  Whether 
  this 
  was 
  contracted 
  in 
  Accra 
  or 
  not 
  is, 
  

   however, 
  uncertain. 
  

  

  I 
  hope 
  to 
  go 
  into 
  this 
  subject 
  in 
  greater 
  detail 
  later 
  on, 
  so 
  will 
  only 
  draw 
  

   attention 
  here 
  to 
  a 
  few 
  entomological 
  observations 
  made 
  during 
  my 
  stay 
  at 
  Accra. 
  

  

  There 
  is 
  no 
  evidence 
  to 
  show 
  that 
  either 
  of 
  these 
  species 
  of 
  tsetse 
  breeds 
  in 
  or 
  

   near 
  Accra, 
  but 
  it 
  is 
  fully 
  proved 
  that 
  both 
  are 
  introduced 
  from 
  the 
  surrounding 
  

   country 
  by 
  trains 
  and 
  motor 
  waggons. 
  In 
  order 
  to 
  study 
  this 
  problem 
  I 
  made 
  

   three 
  journeys 
  into 
  the 
  country 
  beyond 
  Accra 
  : 
  (a) 
  to 
  Nsawam, 
  at 
  that 
  time 
  the 
  

   railway 
  terminus 
  ; 
  (6) 
  to 
  Weshiang, 
  the 
  site 
  of 
  the 
  new 
  water 
  supply 
  for 
  Accra, 
  

   which 
  is 
  connected 
  with 
  the 
  latter 
  town 
  by 
  a 
  light 
  railway 
  ; 
  and 
  (c) 
  to 
  Dodowa, 
  

   along 
  a 
  road 
  which 
  is 
  traversed 
  daily 
  by 
  motor 
  waggons. 
  

  

  (a) 
  To 
  Nsawam.— 
  For 
  the 
  first 
  five 
  miles 
  the 
  country 
  consists 
  of 
  undulating 
  open 
  

   grass 
  plains 
  of 
  the 
  pure 
  savannah 
  or 
  thorn 
  forest 
  type, 
  with 
  occasional 
  clusters 
  of 
  

  

  