﻿GLOSSINA 
  MORSITANS 
  IN 
  NORTHERN 
  RHODESIA. 
  

  

  59 
  

  

  were 
  from 
  pupae 
  which 
  had 
  probably 
  been 
  deposited 
  before 
  the 
  end 
  of 
  June. 
  The 
  

   position 
  was 
  again 
  examined 
  a 
  week 
  later 
  and 
  22 
  more 
  living 
  pupae 
  were 
  taken. 
  No 
  

   flies 
  emerged 
  from 
  these 
  90 
  pupae 
  before 
  the 
  end 
  of 
  August, 
  and 
  as 
  they 
  were 
  in 
  such 
  

   a 
  position 
  that 
  they 
  would 
  have 
  received 
  much 
  benefit 
  from 
  the 
  sun, 
  it 
  is 
  not 
  likely 
  

   that 
  they 
  would 
  have 
  remained 
  as 
  pupae 
  for 
  more 
  than 
  60 
  days. 
  (The 
  pupation 
  period 
  

   is 
  62 
  days 
  at 
  a 
  temperature 
  of 
  65° 
  F. 
  The 
  mean 
  temperature 
  in 
  the 
  laboratory 
  

   during 
  this 
  period 
  was 
  62°, 
  but 
  that 
  to 
  which 
  the 
  pupae 
  were 
  exposed 
  would 
  be 
  higher 
  

   for 
  the 
  reason 
  given). 
  

  

  The 
  second 
  position 
  was 
  under 
  the 
  trunk 
  and 
  branches 
  of 
  a 
  large 
  tree 
  which 
  was 
  

   broken 
  off 
  six 
  feet 
  from 
  the 
  ground, 
  the 
  broken 
  ends 
  remaining 
  connected. 
  The 
  tree 
  

   was 
  lying 
  close 
  to 
  the 
  salt-licks. 
  Under 
  this 
  27 
  pupae 
  and 
  no 
  empty 
  cases 
  were 
  

   collected 
  on 
  22nd 
  August. 
  No 
  flies 
  emerged 
  from 
  these 
  before 
  the 
  end 
  of 
  August. 
  

  

  In 
  Table 
  V 
  the 
  numbers 
  of 
  pupae 
  and 
  cases 
  taken 
  in 
  positions 
  which 
  were 
  searched 
  

   on 
  several 
  occasions 
  are 
  given. 
  In 
  these 
  places 
  pupae 
  were 
  found 
  in 
  increasing 
  

   numbers 
  during 
  July 
  and 
  August 
  as 
  the 
  weather 
  became 
  warmer. 
  The 
  empty 
  cases 
  

   which 
  were 
  collected 
  in 
  April 
  were 
  found 
  by 
  deeper 
  excavations 
  and 
  were 
  of 
  old 
  date. 
  

   As 
  the 
  work 
  was 
  discontinued 
  owing 
  to 
  the 
  abandonment 
  of 
  the 
  Ngoa 
  camp 
  at 
  the 
  

   end 
  of 
  August, 
  no 
  data 
  are 
  available 
  as 
  to 
  what 
  obtained 
  during 
  the 
  remaining 
  months 
  

   of 
  the 
  dry 
  season. 
  It 
  is 
  probable 
  however 
  that 
  active 
  breeding 
  would 
  continue 
  

   through 
  September 
  and 
  October 
  until 
  the 
  commencement 
  of 
  the 
  rains, 
  as 
  the 
  climatic 
  

   conditions 
  are 
  much 
  the 
  same 
  as 
  in 
  August, 
  the 
  plateau 
  country 
  being 
  never 
  subject 
  

   to 
  the 
  intense 
  heat 
  of 
  the 
  Luangwa 
  Valley 
  and 
  other 
  low-lying 
  parts. 
  

  

  Table 
  V. 
  

   Showing 
  Evidence 
  of 
  the 
  Breeding 
  Season 
  of 
  G. 
  morsitans. 
  

  

  Description 
  of 
  

   position. 
  

  

  Dates 
  of 
  searches 
  and 
  numbers 
  of 
  pupae 
  (p) 
  

   and 
  empty 
  cases 
  (c) 
  found. 
  

  

  1. 
  In 
  small 
  hollow 
  

   in 
  tree 
  trunk 
  

   (PI. 
  xii, 
  fig. 
  1.) 
  ! 
  

  

  29. 
  vii. 
  12. 
  

   p. 
  10, 
  c. 
  9. 
  

  

  5. 
  i. 
  13. 
  

   p. 
  0, 
  c. 
  12. 
  

  

  28. 
  iv. 
  13. 
  

   p. 
  0, 
  c. 
  28. 
  

  

  30. 
  vii. 
  13. 
  

   p. 
  6, 
  c. 
  3. 
  

  

  28. 
  viii. 
  13. 
  

   p. 
  5, 
  c. 
  0. 
  

  

  25, 
  viii. 
  13. 
  

   p. 
  5, 
  c. 
  0. 
  

  

  2. 
  Large 
  hollow 
  in 
  

   tree 
  trunk. 
  

  

  p. 
  1, 
  "c. 
  50. 
  

  

  p. 
  0, 
  "c. 
  15. 
  

  

  p. 
  0, 
  "c. 
  47. 
  

  

  1. 
  viii. 
  13. 
  

   p. 
  1, 
  c. 
  16. 
  

  

  p. 
  4, 
  c. 
  2. 
  

  

  p. 
  5, 
  c. 
  0. 
  

  

  3. 
  Under 
  slightly 
  

   raised 
  living 
  

   trunk 
  (PI. 
  xii, 
  

   fig. 
  1.) 
  

  

  p. 
  1, 
  "c. 
  1. 
  

  

  p. 
  0, 
  c. 
  6. 
  

  

  p. 
  0, 
  "c. 
  35. 
  

  

  31. 
  vii. 
  13. 
  

   p. 
  3, 
  c. 
  1. 
  

  

  19. 
  viii. 
  13. 
  

   p. 
  7, 
  c. 
  0. 
  

  

  

  4. 
  At 
  the 
  bases 
  of 
  i 
  

   two 
  sloping 
  

   trunks 
  (PI. 
  xii, 
  

   fig. 
  1.) 
  

  

  24. 
  iv. 
  13. 
  

   p. 
  0, 
  c. 
  15. 
  

  

  30. 
  vii. 
  13. 
  

  

  p. 
  7, 
  c. 
  2. 
  

  

  18. 
  viii. 
  13. 
  

  

  p. 
  17, 
  c. 
  1. 
  p. 
  13, 
  c. 
  0. 
  

  

  5. 
  Under 
  dead 
  

   trunk. 
  

  

  1 
  

  

  

  

  28. 
  vii. 
  13, 
  

   p. 
  1, 
  c. 
  45. 
  

  

  p. 
  2, 
  c. 
  2. 
  

  

  p. 
  18,' 
  c. 
  2. 
  

  

  6. 
  Under 
  dead 
  

   trunk 
  and 
  

   branches. 
  

  

  I 
  

  

  

  

  1. 
  viii. 
  13. 
  

   p. 
  4, 
  c. 
  28. 
  

  

  p. 
  4, 
  c. 
  2. 
  

  

  „ 
  

   p. 
  22, 
  c. 
  0. 
  

  

  