﻿100 
  RUPERT 
  W. 
  JACK— 
  TSETSE 
  FLY 
  

  

  Austen's 
  map, 
  and 
  shew 
  roughly 
  the 
  parts 
  from 
  which 
  the 
  tsetse 
  disappeared 
  

   altogether 
  after 
  1896).* 
  In 
  other 
  areas 
  a 
  nucleus 
  of 
  the 
  pest 
  was 
  left, 
  but 
  large 
  tracts 
  

   of 
  country 
  were 
  free 
  which 
  are 
  infested 
  at 
  the 
  present 
  time. 
  On 
  the 
  authority 
  of 
  

   Lieut. 
  R. 
  W. 
  Thornton 
  of 
  the 
  B.S.A. 
  Police, 
  who 
  has 
  probably 
  a 
  better 
  personal 
  

   knowledge 
  of 
  the 
  Lomagundi 
  district 
  than 
  anyone 
  else 
  in 
  the 
  Territory, 
  fly 
  was 
  

   hardly 
  taken 
  into 
  consideration 
  there 
  until 
  the 
  year 
  1902, 
  horses 
  being 
  taken 
  freely 
  

   all 
  over 
  the 
  district. 
  According 
  to 
  Mr. 
  Herrington 
  of 
  Sipolilo, 
  and 
  formerly 
  of 
  the 
  

   B.S.A. 
  Police, 
  and 
  certain 
  cattlemen 
  questioned 
  personally, 
  fly 
  was 
  first 
  encountered 
  

   on 
  the 
  cattle 
  route 
  south 
  of 
  the 
  Zambesi 
  in 
  1902. 
  The 
  path 
  by 
  which 
  the 
  cattle 
  are 
  

   brought 
  down 
  crosses 
  the 
  Zambesi 
  at 
  Feira 
  and 
  the 
  Hanyani 
  river 
  about 
  six 
  miles 
  

   below 
  the 
  escarpment. 
  It 
  was 
  between 
  that 
  river 
  and 
  the 
  escarpment 
  that 
  the 
  fly 
  

   appeared. 
  According 
  to 
  native 
  testimony, 
  however, 
  tsetse 
  existed 
  earlier 
  than 
  this 
  

   to 
  the 
  east, 
  about 
  the 
  Gorai 
  River 
  already 
  mentioned, 
  but 
  very 
  definite 
  information 
  

   is 
  lacking. 
  After 
  1902 
  the 
  spread 
  of 
  the 
  pest 
  was 
  rapid, 
  and 
  by 
  1905 
  at 
  least 
  it 
  

   extended 
  as 
  far 
  north 
  as 
  the 
  junction 
  of 
  the 
  Ambi 
  River 
  with 
  the 
  Hanyani. 
  Mr. 
  

   Herrington, 
  who, 
  on 
  account 
  of 
  possessing 
  a 
  store 
  near 
  the 
  cattle 
  route, 
  has 
  always 
  

   received 
  regular 
  information 
  from 
  the 
  cattlemen, 
  states 
  that 
  the 
  fly 
  first 
  appeared 
  

   between 
  the 
  Hanyani 
  and 
  Angwa 
  Rivers 
  in 
  1907. 
  It 
  is 
  now 
  found 
  on 
  the 
  Angwa, 
  

   but 
  not 
  in 
  very 
  great 
  numbers. 
  

  

  A 
  great 
  belt 
  also 
  exists 
  to 
  the 
  west 
  of 
  the 
  Angwa, 
  between 
  the 
  escarpment 
  and 
  the 
  

   Zambesi, 
  and 
  practically 
  joins 
  up 
  with 
  the 
  belt 
  just 
  mentioned. 
  It 
  seems 
  probable 
  

   however, 
  that 
  it 
  has 
  spread 
  from 
  a 
  nucleus 
  within 
  itself 
  since 
  the 
  rinderpest, 
  but 
  

   European 
  testimony 
  on 
  this 
  point 
  is 
  not 
  available. 
  

  

  The 
  situation 
  in 
  the 
  Lomagundi 
  district 
  has 
  some 
  special 
  features 
  of 
  its 
  own. 
  

   The 
  available 
  information 
  concerning 
  this 
  district 
  before 
  1900 
  is 
  more 
  meagre 
  than 
  

   in 
  regard 
  to 
  any 
  other. 
  There 
  appears 
  to 
  be 
  no 
  record 
  of 
  tsetse 
  at 
  that 
  time 
  in 
  the 
  

   neighbourhood 
  of 
  Tchetchenini 
  Hill, 
  but 
  Mr. 
  Herrington 
  states 
  that 
  it 
  was 
  fairly 
  

   numerous 
  there 
  in 
  1903. 
  It 
  is 
  probable, 
  therefore, 
  that 
  a 
  nucleus 
  of 
  fly 
  remained 
  in 
  

   this 
  part 
  after 
  the 
  rinderpest.f 
  Whether 
  fly 
  was 
  present 
  below 
  the 
  escarpment 
  to 
  

   the 
  north-west 
  of 
  the 
  district 
  at 
  that 
  time 
  can 
  only 
  be 
  conjectured. 
  There 
  is 
  no 
  doubt, 
  

   however, 
  that 
  that 
  belt 
  has 
  extended 
  very 
  greatly 
  of 
  recent 
  years. 
  The 
  present 
  

  

  * 
  [As 
  it 
  might 
  be 
  inferred 
  from 
  this 
  statement 
  that 
  fly 
  was 
  present 
  in 
  all 
  the 
  areas 
  

   coloured 
  blue 
  in 
  Map 
  I 
  up 
  till 
  the 
  rinderpest, 
  it 
  is 
  well 
  to 
  explain 
  that 
  this 
  was 
  by 
  no 
  

   means 
  the 
  case. 
  As 
  regards 
  the 
  large 
  blue 
  area 
  to 
  the 
  north 
  of 
  the 
  Limpopo, 
  the 
  writer 
  

   traversed 
  the 
  eastern 
  quarter 
  of 
  this 
  in 
  1893, 
  being 
  camped 
  for 
  ten 
  days 
  on 
  the 
  north 
  

   bank 
  of 
  the 
  Limpopo, 
  and 
  there 
  was 
  certainly 
  no 
  fly 
  then 
  anywhere 
  near 
  the 
  Old 
  Hunters' 
  

   Road, 
  along 
  which 
  waggons 
  were 
  frequently 
  passing. 
  Mr. 
  F. 
  C. 
  Selous, 
  who 
  has 
  

   examined 
  Mr. 
  Jack's 
  map, 
  has 
  expressed 
  his 
  conviction 
  that 
  there 
  was 
  no 
  fly 
  in 
  any 
  part 
  

   of 
  this 
  area 
  in 
  1896; 
  though 
  it 
  existed 
  to 
  the 
  east 
  of 
  the 
  Nuanetsi 
  River 
  and 
  at 
  the 
  

   junction 
  of 
  the 
  Shashi 
  and 
  Shashani 
  Rivers 
  — 
  areas 
  not 
  indicated 
  on 
  the 
  map. 
  Similarly, 
  

   he 
  can 
  assert 
  that 
  the 
  fly- 
  belt 
  shown 
  to 
  the 
  west 
  of 
  the 
  Victoria 
  Falls 
  had 
  disappeared 
  by 
  

   1888, 
  and 
  is 
  of 
  opinion 
  that 
  much 
  of 
  the 
  fly 
  to 
  the 
  east 
  of 
  the 
  Falls 
  had 
  also 
  gone 
  by 
  that 
  

   date. 
  He 
  has 
  never 
  known 
  fly 
  to 
  occur 
  in 
  the 
  Ramakwabane 
  area 
  shown 
  in 
  the 
  map 
  

   since 
  he 
  first 
  went 
  there 
  in 
  1872. 
  There 
  are 
  various 
  well 
  authenticated 
  cases 
  of 
  the 
  

   disappearance 
  of 
  fly 
  before 
  any 
  wholesale 
  destruction 
  of 
  game, 
  but 
  Mr. 
  Jack 
  admittedly 
  

   does 
  not 
  attempt 
  to 
  deal 
  with 
  that 
  aspect 
  of 
  the 
  question. 
  (Gf. 
  Stevenson 
  Hamilton, 
  

   Bull. 
  Ent. 
  Res. 
  ii, 
  1911, 
  pp. 
  113-116).— 
  Ed.] 
  

  

  t 
  Since 
  writing 
  these 
  notes 
  the 
  writer 
  has 
  received 
  indirect 
  native 
  testimony 
  to 
  the 
  effect 
  

   that 
  tsetse 
  never 
  died 
  out 
  altogether 
  in 
  the 
  neighbourhood 
  of 
  Tchetchenini 
  Hill 
  after 
  

   the 
  rinderpest. 
  

  

  