﻿116 
  A. 
  W. 
  BACOTi 
  — 
  THE 
  INFLUENCE 
  OF 
  TEMPERATURE, 
  

  

  Moderate 
  conditions 
  ; 
  after 
  feeding. 
  After 
  a 
  single 
  meal 
  one 
  newly 
  hatched 
  bug 
  

   out 
  of 
  three 
  lived 
  for 
  270 
  days 
  ; 
  while, 
  out 
  of 
  30 
  immature 
  bugs 
  in 
  various 
  stages 
  of 
  

   development, 
  7 
  were 
  living 
  and 
  able 
  to 
  feed 
  after 
  a 
  fast 
  of 
  18 
  months. 
  In 
  this 
  case 
  

   the 
  box 
  in 
  which 
  they 
  were 
  confined 
  was 
  kept 
  in 
  an 
  outhouse. 
  

  

  Warm 
  conditions 
  ; 
  unfed. 
  20 
  unfed 
  bugs 
  kept 
  in 
  an 
  incubator 
  at 
  75° 
  F., 
  humidity 
  

   between 
  *65 
  and 
  *70, 
  show 
  the 
  following 
  record 
  : 
  — 
  

  

  Average 
  lif 
  e 
  . 
  . 
  . 
  . 
  .. 
  10 
  days 
  

  

  Longest 
  life 
  .. 
  .. 
  .. 
  21 
  days 
  

  

  16 
  unfed 
  bugs, 
  kept 
  in 
  an 
  incubator 
  at 
  88° 
  F., 
  humidity 
  about 
  *70 
  to 
  *80 
  gave 
  :— 
  

   Average 
  life 
  . 
  . 
  . 
  . 
  . 
  . 
  7 
  days 
  

  

  Longest 
  life 
  . 
  . 
  . 
  . 
  . 
  , 
  11 
  days 
  

  

  Of 
  32 
  unfed 
  bugs 
  kept 
  at 
  96° 
  F., 
  humidity 
  about 
  -25, 
  the 
  record 
  was 
  :— 
  . 
  

   Average 
  lif 
  e 
  . 
  . 
  . 
  . 
  . 
  . 
  5 
  days 
  

  

  One 
  survived 
  for 
  . 
  . 
  8 
  days 
  

  

  Hot 
  conditions 
  ; 
  unfed. 
  23 
  unfed 
  bugs 
  were 
  placed 
  in 
  an 
  incubator 
  : 
  

   After 
  1J 
  hours 
  at 
  105.8° 
  F. 
  all 
  were 
  active. 
  

   11 
  "1 
  09-4° 
  F 
  

  

  55 
  X 
  2 
  " 
  " 
  XyJV 
  ^ 
  -*- 
  • 
  55 
  55 
  55 
  

  

  55 
  1 
  55 
  55 
  111*2 
  F. 
  ,, 
  „ 
  ,, 
  

  

  „ 
  2 
  „ 
  „ 
  113-0° 
  F. 
  „ 
  „ 
  dead. 
  

  

  4 
  unfed 
  were 
  placed 
  in 
  an 
  incubator 
  at 
  111-2° 
  F. 
  

  

  After 
  \ 
  an 
  hour 
  all 
  were 
  active 
  ; 
  

   „ 
  1| 
  hours 
  „ 
  dead; 
  

  

  the 
  temperature 
  having 
  risen 
  to 
  112° 
  F. 
  

   6 
  unfed 
  were 
  placed 
  in 
  an 
  incubator 
  at 
  113'0° 
  F. 
  

  

  After 
  If 
  hours 
  all 
  were 
  dead. 
  

  

  20 
  unfed 
  were 
  placed 
  in 
  an 
  incubator 
  at 
  113° 
  F. 
  

  

  After 
  5 
  minutes 
  all 
  were 
  active 
  ; 
  

   » 
  -LO 
  » 
  ,, 
  »» 
  

  

  „ 
  15 
  „ 
  „ 
  dead. 
  

  

  Blacklock* 
  gives 
  5 
  minutes 
  at 
  113° 
  F. 
  as 
  the 
  time 
  required 
  to 
  kill 
  larval 
  bugs, 
  

   but 
  he 
  does 
  not 
  state 
  his 
  method. 
  It 
  is 
  possible 
  that 
  the 
  use 
  of 
  card 
  boxes 
  with 
  

   cloth-lined 
  sides 
  accounts 
  for 
  the 
  longer 
  survival 
  of 
  the 
  insects 
  experimented 
  with 
  

   in 
  the 
  present 
  instance. 
  

  

  Summary. 
  

   Eggs. 
  

  

  Temperature. 
  Eggs 
  of 
  Gimex 
  lectularius 
  are 
  able 
  to 
  survive 
  exposure 
  to 
  temperatures 
  

   between 
  40° 
  and 
  50° 
  F. 
  for 
  periods 
  of 
  31 
  days, 
  and 
  between 
  28° 
  and 
  32° 
  F. 
  for 
  48 
  

   hours. 
  Periods 
  of 
  from 
  5 
  to 
  8 
  days 
  at 
  the 
  latter 
  temperature 
  reduce 
  the 
  percentage 
  

   hatching 
  to 
  25 
  per 
  cent, 
  and 
  longer 
  exposures 
  — 
  10 
  to 
  15 
  days 
  — 
  are 
  fatal. 
  Tempera- 
  

   tures 
  between 
  60° 
  F. 
  to 
  98° 
  F. 
  are 
  favourable, 
  but 
  113° 
  F. 
  prevents 
  hatching. 
  

  

  ♦Annals 
  of 
  Tropical 
  Medicine 
  and 
  Parasitology, 
  iv, 
  no. 
  4, 
  Dec. 
  1912, 
  pp. 
  415-428. 
  

  

  