Manchester Memoirs, Vol. Ix. (191 5), No. 1. 7 



nitely marked upon the maps which Dr. Elliot Smith has 

 included in his work 8 are Tunis, Algiers and Morocco, 

 the West African Coast, and South-eastern Rhodesia. 

 Ancient mine-workings have been discovered in the north 

 African region 9 and in Rhodesia ,0 , while Herodotus 

 tells us that the Phoenicians went round to West Africa 

 for gold u . The distribution of ancient mines or washings 

 is therefore the same as that of megalithic influence. 

 The presence of gold in large quantities in Madagascar 

 is also significant in view of the presence there of mega- 

 lithic influence in a pronounced form. 



India is another megalithic region which is peculiarly 

 instructive. The distribution of megalithic structures, as 

 given by Fergusson, Meadows Taylor, and Crooke 12 is quite 

 definite and peculiar {Map II.). They are very common in 

 the basins of the Godavari and Krishna rivers, all along 

 the eastern and western Ghats, and as far north as the 

 Vindhya hills. Typical megalithic structures are found 

 in Chota Nagpur and Assam. 13 All along the Himalayas, 

 in Khashmir, Nepal and Bhutan, in the Punjab, Rajpu- 

 tana, Sind, as well as in Thibet, we find traces of the 

 culture which Dr. Elliot Smith and I claim to be identical 

 with that of the megalithic people of South India. The 

 great sun temples, the menhirs, stone seats, terrace-culti- 

 vation, sun-origin, and many other things, all point to the 



* " The Migrations of Early Culture." Manchester, 191 5. 

 iJ Freise. " Globus," XCIII., 1908. 

 10 Hall. " Great Zimbabwe." 



1 x The whole question is discussed in great detail by Dahse in Zeitsch. 

 f. Ethnol, 191 1, p. I et seq. 



12 Op. cit. "The Rude Stone Monuments of India." Proc. Cottesxmld 

 Naturalists* Field Club,'" XV., Pt. 2, 1905. 



13 P. R. Gurdon. "The Khasis." Sarat Chandra Roy, The Ho 

 Mundas of Chota Nagpur 1912, The Oraons of Chota Nagpur, Ranchi, 1915. 

 The existence of the megalithic culture in Assam will be discussed in my 

 forthcoming work on The Megalithic Culture of Indonesia. 



