Manchester Memoirs, Vol. Ix. (191 5), No. 1. 15 



Switzerland and Germany ; but, on the contrary, is spread 

 over all the countries of the Mediterranean, and is found 

 in the flax fields of Greece, Italy, the South of France 

 and the Pyrenees. The presence of the corn bluebottle 

 (Centaurea cyanas) is no less remarkable, for its original 

 home is Sicily. As it had already appeared in the corn 

 fields of the lake dwellings, it indicates the way by which 

 the corn had come into the hands of the colonists. 20 



A converse statement can be added to this remarkable 

 series. Dr. Heer says that " the inhabitants of the lake 

 dwellings do not appear to have had any close connection 

 with the people of Eastern Europe, for they, at least in 

 the bronze age, cultivated rye, with which the lake settlers 

 must have been acquainted if there had been any mutual 

 intercourse." 21 Add to this the use of head-rests, jade, 

 the existence of terrace-cultivation in Switzerland and 

 the Appenines, and many other things, it is only legitimate 

 to conclude that Egyptian influence must have been 

 prominent in this region from the beginning. 



I do not propose to discuss the chronology of the 

 settlements, but shall confine myself to the statement 

 that they are situated near the sites of early mining opera- 

 tions. Copper mines have been found at Salzburg, within 

 reach, as Professor Gowland says, of the lake dwellers of 

 the Mond See and Atter See: iron workings were found 

 near Hallstadt and Laibach. In the Jura Alps numerous 

 iron-workings have been found well within reach of the 

 lake dwellers, and copper mines were worked in the Bernese 

 Alps. Another copper working was found at Mustchen- 

 stock, within reach of the lake dwellers of Robenhausen. 22 



20 Vol. I., pp. 524^/ seg. 



21 Ibid. p. 524. 



22 Gowland. "The Metals in Antiquity." Huxley Memorial Lecture. 

 Journ. Roy. Anih. Inst., XLII. , 19 12, p. 244 



"The Early Metallurgy of Copper, Tin, and Iron in Europe." 

 Archceologia, 56, 1899, p. 309 e.s., Keller, p. 60. 



