Manchester Memoirs, Vol. Ix. (1915), No. 1. 33 



a problem of extreme difficulty and complexity. To 

 have omitted specific reference to these sites of early 

 mining would have laid him open to the charge of shirk- 

 ing discussion of a case which seems to go against his 

 generalisation : for dolmens such as occur in association 

 with early mines in the East and West are lacking in the 

 Terra mara area." 



Mr. T. E. Peet tells us 4 that the " internal evidence 

 for the identification of the lake-dwelling and terramara 

 people with an invading race from Central Europe is 

 overwhelming." Whether this is so or not, there can be 

 no doubt that along with such un-Egyptian burial customs 

 as cremation, and many other northern practices, they 

 combined others which were certainly derived, directly or 

 indirectly, from Egypt and the South. The suggestion 

 already made in a preceding paragraph may possibly 

 explain how certain Egyptian practices may have reached 

 Italy and Switzerland by way of the Danube from the 

 Black Sea. 



There can be no doubt, however, that the mining 

 settlements in northern Italy were established several 

 centuries before, and under circumstances vastly different 

 from those which, in comparatively recent times, the 

 Phoenicians were responsible for planting in the Iberian 

 peninsula. But once the investigator enters the domain 

 of the old civilizations the conditions become so com- 

 plex that it is no longer possible to rely upon those 

 clear indications of the definite source of cultural inspira- 

 tion which can be made use of beyond the limits of that 



3 A dolmen, however, has been recorded in association with the lake- 

 dwellings at Auvernier, near Lake Neufchatel (see De Nadaillac's " Moeurs 

 et Monuments des Peuples Prehistoriques," Paris, 1888, p. 291 and Fig. 

 106, — in which he refers to Gross, " Les Proto-Helvetes," and Morel-Fatis, 

 " Sepultures des populations lacustres de Chamblandes, r ' as his authorities). 



4 "The Stone and Bronze Ages in Italy and Sicily," p. 510. 



