8 PERRY, Terraced Cultivation and Irrigation. 



watered and thickly populated, and small terraces for 

 grain and melons cover all the slopes. 16 Among the 

 Wakamba and associated tribes of East Africa "the 

 artificial irrigation of their fields is a conspicuous achieve- 

 ment." 17 The tribes of the Baringo district of East Africa 

 are all experts at irrigation, " Of which they make use 

 to an astonishing extent. For instance, the whole of Ndo, 

 which is ten or twelve miles in length, is with the exception 

 of the last two miles at the north end watered by ditches 

 taken from a single river." This will appear the more 

 remarkable when we consider the limited size of the popu- 

 lation. 18 The Kalika " a tribe of serfs . . . south of Makaraka, 

 land in 3 N, have extensive fields with stalks of durra as 

 tall as a man .... small patches planted with lubia, .... 

 pasture meadows on the gently sloping hills, cut up in all 

 directions by little watercourses, brooks, deep channels." 19 

 Werner says that the tribes of British Central Africa plant 

 maize " where there are bits of alluvial soil close to a 

 watercourse, which are either kept moist by the stream or 

 can be easily irrigated." J0 Terraced cultivation is also 

 found in Nigeria among the Angoss, " a savage negro tribe 

 who occupy part of the Murchison range in Northern 

 Nigeria." They have mapped out all their sloping land 

 into little terraces, sometimes only a foot or two wide." 21 



Terraced cultivation is found in the Canaries. " On 

 the precipitous slopes of TenerifTe, every particle of 

 alluvial soil is collected to make gardens. -- 



Among the Marunga who live on the west face of the 



16 Semple, p. 571. 



17 Ratzel, " History of Mankind," II., p. 524. 



13 Hon. K. R. Dundas, "Notes on the tribes inhabiting the Baringo 

 District, East Africa," Journal Royal Attth. Inst., XL., 1910, p. 64. 



19 Ratzel, III., p. 79. 



20 "British Central Africa," London, 1906, pp, 178-80. 



21 Semple, p. 570. 

 - 2 Ibid, p. 569. 



