﻿156 
  EAISED 
  BEACHES 
  OE 
  THE 
  VAEANGEE 
  EI0ED. 
  [May 
  1 
  897, 
  

  

  was 
  very 
  great. 
  The 
  late 
  Dr. 
  Croll 
  had 
  been 
  desirous 
  of 
  obtain- 
  

   ing 
  evidences 
  of 
  glaciation 
  in 
  the 
  several 
  formations 
  anterior 
  to 
  

   the 
  great 
  Ice 
  Age. 
  His 
  failure 
  to 
  do 
  so 
  he 
  attributed 
  to 
  the 
  

   circumstance 
  that 
  the 
  evidences 
  of 
  glaciation 
  are 
  to 
  be 
  found 
  

   principally 
  on 
  land-surfaces, 
  and 
  that 
  the 
  transformation 
  of 
  a 
  land- 
  

   surface 
  into 
  a 
  sea-bottom 
  would 
  in 
  most 
  cases 
  obliterate 
  all 
  traces 
  

   of 
  glaciation. 
  A 
  striated 
  bed-rock 
  went 
  much 
  farther 
  in 
  this 
  

   direction 
  than 
  mere 
  boulders 
  and 
  striated 
  stones 
  ; 
  and, 
  as 
  far 
  as 
  he 
  

   (the 
  speaker) 
  knew, 
  these 
  occurrences 
  on 
  the 
  Yaranger 
  Piord 
  were 
  

   the 
  only 
  occurrences 
  as 
  yet 
  established 
  in 
  the 
  Northern 
  Hemisphere, 
  

   with 
  some 
  possible 
  exceptions 
  in 
  the 
  case 
  of 
  the 
  Talchirs. 
  For 
  a 
  

   grander 
  exhibition 
  of 
  striated 
  bed-rock 
  they 
  must 
  look 
  to 
  the 
  

   Southern 
  Hemisphere 
  : 
  Prof. 
  Edgeworth 
  David 
  had 
  recently 
  brought 
  

   before 
  the 
  Society 
  such 
  evidence 
  from 
  Southern 
  Australia, 
  referred 
  

   to 
  the 
  Permo-Carboniferous 
  period. 
  

  

  With 
  regard 
  to 
  the 
  Author's 
  second 
  paper, 
  he 
  could 
  testify 
  from 
  

   personal 
  experience 
  to 
  the 
  striking 
  development 
  of 
  the 
  terrace- 
  

   formations, 
  tier 
  above 
  tier, 
  on 
  the 
  northern 
  side 
  of 
  the 
  Yaranger 
  

   Piord. 
  

  

  Mr. 
  H. 
  B. 
  "Woodwakd 
  remarked 
  that 
  there 
  was 
  plenty 
  of 
  schistosity 
  

   in 
  the 
  Boulder 
  Clay 
  of 
  Cromer, 
  as 
  described 
  by 
  Mr. 
  Clement 
  Eeid. 
  

  

  The 
  Eev. 
  H. 
  N. 
  Hutchinson 
  ventured 
  to 
  suggest 
  that 
  the 
  difficulty 
  

   raised 
  by 
  a 
  previous 
  speaker 
  with 
  regard 
  to 
  the 
  absence 
  of 
  a 
  break 
  

   between 
  the 
  quartz-grits 
  had 
  not 
  received 
  the 
  attention 
  that 
  it 
  

   deserved. 
  How 
  could 
  the 
  lower 
  grit 
  have 
  become 
  sufficiently 
  

   hardened 
  to 
  receive 
  these 
  supposed 
  glacial 
  striae, 
  if 
  the 
  series 
  was 
  

   unbroken 
  by 
  any 
  unconformity 
  ? 
  This 
  was 
  the 
  difficulty, 
  and 
  it 
  had 
  

   not 
  been 
  met. 
  He 
  did 
  not 
  feel 
  at 
  all 
  convinced 
  himself, 
  and 
  would 
  

   like 
  to 
  ask 
  how 
  many 
  sets 
  of 
  striae 
  the 
  Author 
  had 
  observed. 
  

  

  The 
  Atjthoe, 
  in 
  reply, 
  remarked 
  on 
  the 
  interest 
  of 
  Dr. 
  Hicks's 
  

   speculation 
  as 
  to 
  the 
  glacial 
  origin 
  of 
  certain 
  British 
  rocks 
  of 
  appa- 
  

   rently 
  the 
  same 
  age. 
  To 
  Sir 
  Archibald 
  Geikie's 
  question 
  regarding 
  the 
  

   relationship 
  of 
  the 
  quartzites 
  above 
  the 
  Boulder 
  Clay 
  to 
  those 
  below 
  

   it, 
  he 
  was 
  unable 
  to 
  give 
  a 
  definite 
  answer, 
  further 
  than 
  to 
  say 
  that 
  he 
  

   had 
  seen 
  no 
  evidence 
  of 
  a 
  break 
  at 
  that 
  horizon. 
  The 
  characters 
  of 
  

   the 
  rocks 
  and 
  their 
  dip 
  suggested 
  a 
  continuous 
  series, 
  but 
  the 
  point 
  

   could 
  not 
  be 
  settled 
  in 
  so 
  brief 
  a 
  visit. 
  The 
  fact 
  that 
  the 
  quartzite 
  

   had 
  been 
  hard 
  enough 
  to 
  receive 
  and 
  retain 
  the 
  striae 
  undoubtedly 
  

   required 
  explanation. 
  It 
  may, 
  perhaps, 
  have 
  been 
  buried, 
  hardened, 
  

   and 
  subsequently 
  laid 
  bare 
  by 
  the 
  ice, 
  which 
  presumably 
  would 
  

   erode 
  all 
  unconsolidated 
  material 
  until 
  it 
  reached 
  the 
  first 
  hardened 
  

   bed. 
  In 
  reply 
  to 
  Dr. 
  Gregory, 
  he 
  had 
  not 
  stated 
  that 
  the 
  glacial 
  

   episode 
  was 
  local, 
  but 
  that 
  the 
  question 
  of 
  its 
  extent 
  must 
  be 
  left 
  

   for 
  further 
  investigation. 
  The 
  boundary-line 
  between 
  the 
  Gaisa 
  

   and 
  the 
  crystalline 
  rocks 
  was 
  not 
  a 
  thrust-plane, 
  as 
  suggested 
  by 
  

   Mr. 
  Barrow, 
  but, 
  at 
  the 
  point 
  he 
  had 
  examined, 
  a 
  clear 
  unconform- 
  

   able 
  superposition. 
  To 
  Mr. 
  Hutchinson 
  he 
  replied 
  that 
  three 
  sets 
  

   of 
  striae 
  occurred, 
  one 
  of 
  which, 
  however, 
  was 
  much 
  stronger 
  than 
  

   the 
  others. 
  He 
  was 
  glad 
  to 
  see 
  a 
  tendency 
  to 
  accept 
  the 
  glacial 
  

   origin 
  of 
  the 
  phenomena. 
  Though 
  it 
  was 
  difficult 
  to 
  do 
  full 
  justice 
  

   to 
  it, 
  the 
  evidence 
  on 
  the 
  ground 
  was 
  strong. 
  

  

  